专题 27 英美文化阅读理解专项：好莱坞电影分级+美国体育- 2024年高考英语常考英美文化阅读专练+素材积累

66. The Making of Hollywood's Moving Rating System 美国好莱坞的电影分级制度的制定 Today, American filmmakers produce movies with few restraints about violence, sexuality and adult language. But this was not always the case. The Motion Picture Association of America is the major movie organization that first formed in nineteen twenty-two. The organization helps distribute movies internationally, decides on rating systems, and deals with public relations for the movie industry. When it was first started by the Hollywood production studios, the organization was called the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America. The group was popularly called the Hays Office because of its director, Will Hays. This group developed the Motion Picture Production Code in nineteen thirty. The aim was for the film industry and not the government to decide what was morally acceptable to show in movies. The Hays Office examined each film before it could receive permission to be released. The production code was very clear about issues including crime and sex. For example, movies could not show violent killings, methods of stealing, or illegal drug use. The code banned sex scenes, sexual relationships between people of different races, scenes of childbirth, and people not wearing clothing. The Motion Picture Association finally ended the code in nineteen sixty-eight although movie makers had stopped following its rules many years before. The group developed a new voluntary rating system that tells parents whether a movie is right for children. The ratings judge the level of violence, sexuality, and adult language. "G" movies are for people of all ages. "PG" means parental guidance suggested. Some material may not be right for children. "PG-13" means parents are strongly warned that some material may not be right for children under the age of thirteen. "R" mean restricted. Children under the age of seventeen must have a parent or adult guardian with them. And if a movie is rated "NC-17" it mea