专题15 【培优小题狂练】阅读理解“标题概括1”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）-2024年新高考英语二轮复习

2024年新高考英语二轮复习 【培优小题狂练】 专题15阅读理解“标题概括1(记叙文选标)”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）原卷版 【近年高考考情】 1.（2023▪新高考II卷▪B篇）27题 2.（2021▪浙江卷▪B篇）27题 3.（2020▪北京卷▪C篇）41题 4.（2018▪全国I卷▪B篇）27题 【实用解题妙招】 一、设问方式 1. What can be a suitable title for the text? 2. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? 3. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from? 二、记叙文标题三大特点 1. 概括性：语言高度凝练而形式简短 2. 针对性：标题外延与文章内容相符 3. 醒目性：能够激发读者的阅读欲望 三、记叙文选标题三大方法 1. 主题句法 记叙文一般没有明显的主题句，需要根据文中叙述的内容和线索来概括文章大意，但是如果文章末段出现说理性的句子，则这个句子为主题句。 2. 关键词法 全文中无明显主题句时，我们可以利用文章中的关键词。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即关键词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。 3. 逆向思维法 在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，逐一排除，缩小范围，接近的即为正确选项。 三、记叙文选标题三大策略 1.正面肯定法 在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨。 2.反面否定法 撇开原文，拿各个备选项去尝试用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文对照，一一排除荒谬者。 3.排除干扰法 研究干扰项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、新奇性、概括力等。文章的标题应该新颖奇特，易激发读者的好奇心，吸引读者注意力。 【高考真题再练】 1.（2023▪新高考II卷▪B篇）27题 Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they o