内容正文:
Section Ⅱ GRAMMAR(1)
UNIT 4 HUMOUR
语 法 探 究
新知导学
教材示例
分析下列教材中的句子,写出并体会它们的语法功能
1.So,after he had been feeling depressed for over a month,he decided to go to the doctor.
2.“Well,I’ve been having a bit of a crisis,you know,lots of problems,” replied the man.
3.Finally,after he had been waiting for about half an hour,he was called in for his consultation.
4.“I’m going on a trip soon. I will be working in the United States for three months. This time next week,I’ll be arriving in New York.”
进行时态
探究发现
1.现在完成进行时是表示一个开始于过去,并______到现在的动作(这动作可能刚停止,也可能还在进行),用于表达事件的________。由于现在完成进行时是完成体和进行体的组合,所以它同时具备________和________的特征,如句___,它的基本构成形式是___________________________。
2.过去完成进行时是强调动作从过去的______开始一直延续到______某个时间点。在过去某个时间点时,这个动作可能刚刚停止,也可能仍然在进行,如句___和句___,它的基本构成形式是______________________。
3.将来进行时表示将来某个时间正在做某事,如句___,它的基本构成形式是_______________________________。
持续
持续性
完成时
进行时
2
have/has been+动词-ing形式
过去
过去
1
3
had been+动词-ing形式
will/shall be+动词-ing形式
4
语法精讲
考点1 现在完成进行时
1.构成:have/has been+动词-ing形式
2.用法
(1)表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在,将来还可能延续下去,强调动作的延续性。这种时态常和all the time,this week,this month,all day,all the morning,these days,recently等时间状语连用,还常与since和for构成的时间状语连用。
The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.
学生们一直在努力学习功课,他们的努力最终将会获得成功的回报。
(2)表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。
He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher.
自从任教以来,他一直在为报刊和杂志撰稿。
(3)表示动作刚刚结束,该动作一般不再继续,有时会指出结果。
I have been playing ping-pong all morning,so I’m sweating.
整个上午我一直在打乒乓球,所以我浑身是汗。
(4)表示某种感情色彩。
You know,you really have been making things terribly difficult for him.
你要知道,你真是太为难他了。
3.现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
区别
时态 基本语法功能 动作的反复 感情色彩
现在完成进行时 强调动作的持续性 可表示动作的反复 可表示强烈的感情色彩
现在完成时 强调动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 不表示动作的反复 一般平铺直叙,不含有感情色彩
巧学活用1
用所给词的适当形式填空
①He ___________________ (cough) a lot. He should go to see a doctor.
②She ___________________ (study)English since she left school.
③Many people around the world ____________________(enjoy) city centr