内容正文:
14 阅读回答问题型解题技巧讲解
回答问题型阅读要求学生根据短文、表格、图片或图文结合的材料回答命题者设定的问题,所设置的任务通过事实或细节的查找就能完成,与普通阅读理解的解题方法相似,只是题目设计采用了主观题形式,没有给出选项,需要学生从材料中寻求信息,以一个完整的句子,或者是其适当的缩略形式作答。从问题所涉及的内容看,考查文本表层理解多于深层理解,其设计的问题多为五W、一般疑问句、反意疑问句的细节性问题,而涉及推理判断、文章主旨、写作意图及作者态度、感受等的题目则比较少。
答题技巧:
1、答句即使是一两个词,也要注意标点和大小写;
2、问句中出现过的部分答句尽量避免重复;
3、用代词代替问句的名词主语,时态、单复数和人称要与问句一致;
4、最后的开放性主观题,要围绕文章的大意和作者的观点回答,切忌脱离文章、主观臆断;
5、在不超过限定字数的前提下,客观题尽量用原文中的原句原词回答,不要随意用文中没有的同义句来替换。如果原文的原句原词超过了限定的字数,可省去不重要的信息即修饰词;
6、尽量用精炼的语言作简略回答。一般疑问句或反意疑问句用Yes或No,不必加上后面的两个词;选择疑问句用or前后的一个选项;特殊疑问句要注意开头的特殊疑问词,问什么就答什么:
What…for?问目的或用途,用For sth或To do sth或In order to do sth回答。
Why…?问原因,用Because+句子或Because of+名词(短语)回答。
What time/When…?回答在什么时间做某事,要用介词短语;回答是什么时间不用加介词。
Where…?问地点,用介词短语回答。
Who…?问人,用表示人的名词或代词(注意主格还是宾格)。
Whose…?问某人的,用名词性物主代词或名词所有格回答。
Which…?问哪一个,用The…one.或The one….回答。
回答What…?要弄清楚问的是事物还是动作。问事物回答名词或名词短语;问动作回答时用要有主语的完整句子,而不能用动词开头的无主句。
How…?问感觉、看法、程度或方式等,用褒义、贬义形容词或By doing sth…或By…或On…回答。
How many…?回答数量(不能漏掉前面的about, over, more than, less than, almost, nearly等)。
How many times…?回答次数。
How much…?回答价钱。
How often…?回答频率。
How soon…?回答In+一段时间。
How long…?回答一段时间(不能漏掉前面的介词for,since等)或长度。
How far…?回答距离。
How old…?回答年龄。
【真题实战】
(2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题)
Zengzi, also called Zeng Shen, became a good student of Confucius(孔子)when he was 16.
Early one morning, Zengzi’s wife left for the market. Her little son wanted to go with her. But he was too young and the market was too far.
Then she cheated(欺骗)her son and said, “I will soon be back. You stay at home and wait for me. If you do as I say, I will kill a pig and make a nice dish for you.” The child went back to the house happily.
When Zengzi’s wife got back from the market, she showed no sign of killing a pig. So Zengzi himself prepared to do that, but his wife rushed to stop him and said, “Don’t do that. I just cheated the child.”
“Honesty(诚实)is the most important thing,” Zengzi said. “Children are like blank(空白的)pieces of paper. They understand nothing but they can learn from their parents’ actions. Because you have chea