Unit 4 Friends Forever Using language 定语从句课件-2023-2024学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 4 语法—定语从句 I.定语从句：在句子中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。 II.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 This is the man who helped me yesterday. 这就是昨天帮助我的那个男人。 III.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1 关系词分为以下两种 1.关系代词：that ; which; who; whom; whose 等 2.关系副词：when; where; why 关系代词 所指代 在定语从句中所作的成分 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人、物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人、物 定语 2 而广东省广告 关系代词 所指代 在定语从句中所作的成分 who 人 主语、宾语 例如： This is the man who helped me yesterday. The teacher who/whom you want to see is coming. whom 人 宾语 3 例如： This is the factory that/which/省略 we visited last year.(作visited的宾语，可以省略) He is the person that everyone wants to be. He has a book whose cover is very beautiful. which 物 主语、宾语 that 人、物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人、物 定语 4 Ⅳ.关系词的三大作用： A、引导定语从句 B、代替先行词 C、在定语从句中担当一个成分 This is the man who helped me yesterday. 5 在定语从句中，关系代词 which 和 that 都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得注意： 一 、只能用that而不能用which的情形 (1) 当先行词是：all, everything,/ much, /something, anything,/ little, few, /none,nothing 等词时, 只能用that。如： There is nothing that will stop us making progress. In this factory I found little that was different from ours. 在这家工厂，我几乎没有发现和我们的工厂不同的地方。 (2) 当先行词前面有the only “唯一”, the every “正是；恰恰是”, the right “正是”,/ all, /much,/ some, any, / little, few,/ no等修饰词时,只能用that。如： This is the only problem that we can’t work out. 这是我们唯一不能解决的问题。 6 (3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，只能用that。如： This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. (4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。如： Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. (5) 当先行词在主句中作表语时，只能用that。/先行词在从句中做表语时。如： This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. Our school is no longer the school that it is used to be.我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。 (6) 当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时，只能用 that。如： Which is the picture that you drew yesterday? 7 (7) There be 句型中，先行词指物一般用that There are two novels that I want to read. 8 二 、只能用which而不能用that的情形 (1) 当非限制性定语从句中的先行词指物时，只能用 which。如： The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing. (2) 关系代词前面有介词时，只能用which。如： The tree under which we used to take a rest has