2024届高三英语一轮复习时文阅读理解专项训练2

· 新材料可防止眼镜起雾 眼镜起雾是一件让人头疼不已的事情，特别是在冬天。通常，人们会使用防雾喷雾剂去解决这种问题，但这种方法会受细菌、污垢等的影响，需要时常更换，效果不佳。据报道，来自瑞士苏黎世联邦理工大学的研究人员最近开发出了一种超薄的黄金纳米涂层，能够将阳光转化为热量，将其用于眼镜表面，可以有效防止起雾。 A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long-lasting solution to our fog problem.They have developed a very thin and gold-based transparent coating（涂层）that can convert sunlight into heat,which can be applied to glass and other surfaces to prevent them from fogging. The special coating is developed using titanium oxide and gold particles.It selectively absorbs infrared radiations（红外线照射）from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object.The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging.The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation,which causes it to heat up—by up to 8℃. Previously,products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog.The problem with such surfaces is pollution.Along with water,the sprays also attract dirt,dust,oil,and various other dirty substances,and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless.However,the new coating repels（排斥）water.Furthermore,the coating is significantly thinner,which makes it more transparent as well as flexible.It is heated passively and requires,during daytime,no additional energy source. Gold might be expensive,but the researchers stress that their coating requires so little that the material costs remain low.Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable methods,all cost-effectively.However,although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation,it does rely on a certain amount of light. The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications.In the process,they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold.There is no need to fear,however,this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer.The researchers have already filed a patent.Hopefully,this groun