UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ Using language—Grammar（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第一册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language—Grammar 定语从句(1) [对应学生用书P104] [观察] 1．(教材P38)What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered? 2．(教材P38)Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. 3．(教材P38)All you need is a wi­fi connection. 4．(教材P39)Whatever our hobbies，the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. 5．(教材P39)On social media sites，people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. 6．(教材P39)Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. [归纳] 1．句1是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词letters, that在从句中作主语，指物。 2．句2是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people, that在从句中作宾语，指人。 3．句3是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，that指代前面的all，在从句中作宾语。 4．句4是关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词others, who在从句中作主语， 指人。 5．句5是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词updates, that在从句中作主语，指物。 6．句6是省略了关系代词that或in which的定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 [对应学生用书P104] 1．在复合句中充当定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose)和关系副词(when，where，why)。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。关系词不仅引导定语从句，同时还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 2．根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。前者紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省略；后者主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。 引导定语从句的关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose。 关系 代词 指代 在从句中所作 的成分 是否省略 who 人 主语、宾语 作主语和定语时不能省略。作宾语、表语时可以省略 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语 that 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人/物 定语 This is the suitcase (that/which) she is looking for. 这是她正在找的手提箱。 She is no longer the girl (that) she was ten years ago. 她不是10年前的那个小姑娘了。 ①关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。如： 昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常有趣。 【误】The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very interesting. 【正】The film (that/which) we saw last night is very interesting. ②关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。如： Is that the girl (whom/who/that) you spoke of the other day? 那就是你前几天所提到的女孩吗？ ③whose通常可用“the＋n.＋of whom/which”或“o