Unit 6 Section Ⅲ Using language—Grammar（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language—Grammar 现在完成进行时 [观察] 1．(教材P62)The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining． 2．(教材P62)All this time，the song “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head． 3．(教材P63)Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes have now been using these passages for years． 4．(教材P63)The journey has been flying by，and before I know it，we have reached Tanggula Station． 5．(教材P63)The Qinghai­Tibet Plateau has been attracting people's admiration for centuries． 6．(教材P63)Now，thanks to our efforts，passengers from all over the country have been enjoying these magical landscapes． [归纳] 现在完成进行时表示动作开始于过去，并一直持续到现在，动作可能仍在进行，也可能刚刚结束。观察以上句子可知，现在完成进行时的构成是have/has_been＋现在分词。 现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能还要继续进行下去。 1．肯定形式：have/has＋been doing(第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have) I have been waiting for you． 我一直在等你。 2．否定形式： have/has＋not＋been doing He hasn't been using the car for the last two months． 过去两个月他一直没用车。 1．表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到说话时还在进行，或可能还要继续下去。通常和“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点(或从句) ”的时间状语连用。 It has been snowing for three hours． 雪已经下了三个小时了。(从过去某一时间开始下雪，强调到现在还在下) 2．表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。 —Sorry! I'm late．How long have you been waiting for me? —We have been waiting for you for half an hour． ——很抱歉，我来迟了。你们等了我多长时间了？ ——我们已经等了你半小时了。 3．强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。 She's been saying that twenty times． 她已经说了二十遍那话了。 4．表示这段时间反复发生的事情。 I have been visiting some cities of China this month． 这个月我一直在访问中国的一些城市。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①The repairman has_been_repairing(repair) the car all the afternoon． ②In western Gansu we have_been_building(build) cisterns(贮水池) in villages that are short of water． 1．某些不能用于进行时的动词同样也不能用于现在完成进行时，只能用现在完成时。如see，hear，know，have，like，be等。 He has been having a cold for two weeks．(　×　) He has had a cold for two weeks．(　√　) 他已经感冒两个星期了。 2．不具有延续意义的动词。如finish，come，go，marry等不能用于现在完成进行时。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①We have_known(know) each other socially for a long time． ②When he has_finished(finish) his work，he takes a short rest． 1．动作的完成性 现在完成时的“已完成”用法强调动作的完成，现在完成进行时侧重于表示未完成。 I have dialed four times．I don't