定语从句关系代词讲解与练习-2024届高三英语二轮专题

英语语法-定语从句 在复合句中，修饰名词、代词或句子的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose等)和关系副词(when, where, why)两类。 (一)关系代词引导的定语从句 1.that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who, whom，指物多用which。 This is the novel that interests me. 这就是让我感兴趣的那本小说。(指物，作主语) The magazine (that) I bought yesterday is lost. 我昨天买的那本杂志丢了。(指物，作宾语) 2．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。(作主语) The radio (which) he bought yesterday doesn't work. 他昨天买的收音机坏了。(作宾语) 3．who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 Here comes the girl who wants to see you. 想见你的那个女孩过来了。(作主语) Danny is a man (who) we should learn from. 丹尼是我们应该学习的一个人。(作宾语) 4．whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略(whom在介词后时不能省略)，也可用who代替。 The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is Rose. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是罗斯。(作宾语) There should be someone to whom you can turn for any advice or to clear up any problems. 应该有你可以征求意见或为你解决问题的人。(作宾语) 5．whose可修饰人，也可修饰物，表示“所属”关系，在定语从句中作定语。 Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government. 任何家境贫寒，上不起学的学生都可以得到政府的帮助。(作定语) He lives in a room whose window faces north. 他住在一个窗户朝北的房间里。(作定语) (1)单句语法填空 ①We should never remember the benefits ________ we have offered nor forget the favor received. ②Is this the teacher ________ rescued several students from the burning building? ③I bought a new computer ________ price added up to more than 5，000 yuan. ④Nothing in the world is difficult for one ________ sets his mind to it. 答案：①that/which/不填　②who/that　③whose　④who/that (2)用定语从句连接两个句子(使用关系代词) ①Last week Mary wore the dress. Her father bought it for her. ______________________________________________________________ ②I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music. ______________________________________________________________ ③I like the book. The cover of the book is blue. ____________________________________________________________ 答案：①Last week Mary wore the dress (that/which) her father bought for her. ②I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical m