专题06 阅读理解之说明文10篇(第二期)-备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(江苏专用)

备战2024年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(江苏专用)

第二期

专题06 阅读理解之说明文10篇

（2023秋·江苏·高三校联考阶段一模）There is a wide gap between China and developed economies such as the US and South Korea in terms of the chip industry. However, the nation has taken big steps in charting its own course, which is evident in its chip industry’s growth. And China can meet 85 percent of its domestic demand if the chip industry fully applies the 14-nanometer transistor (晶体管) technology. In fact, this could become a reality in three to four years. Still, China lags behind in the processing and manufacturing of chips, as well as chip design and packaging.

Yet there is a silver lining for China, because the US’ technology blockade (封锁) helps remove the domestic objections to the development of the chip industry. The story of China’s LCD industry could be repeated in the chip industry this time: China has made joint efforts in the past ten years and now secures more than 60 percent of the LCD market.

Nevertheless, there should not be a mad rush across the country to develop chips. The government should offer encouragements to state-owned as well as privately owned enterprises to produce high-quality chips. The measure of freeing integrated circuit-making enterprises of paying corporate income tax for two years is a good move in this direction.

Also, China has about 1,700 semiconductor enterprises. They should be encouraged to pool their resources and technologies and strengthen their business operations so they can achieve breakthroughs in core technologies.

Besides, China should build a friendlier environment to attract talents from across the world to its chip industry. It’s indeed alarming that China faces a shortage of 300, 000 professionals in the chip industry. As Ren Zhengfei, founder and CEO of Huawei, said, “We had adopted a money-pumping approach in the past to develop the electronic industry. However, it takes more than money to develop chips. We should try our best to win over mathematicians and physicists.”

1．What’s the author’s attitude towards China’s chip industry?

A．Subjective. B．Objective. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.

2．What does the underlined phrase “a silver lining” in paragraph 2 probably refer to?

A．A great success. B．A strong desire. C．A positive side. D．A slim chance.

3．What do we know about China’s LCD industry from the text?

A．It is a highly profitable industry. B．It developed rapidly ten years ago.

C．It is less important than the chip industry. D．It went through difficulties previously.

4．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text?

A．To list some disadvantages of China’s chip industry.

B．To analyze the US’ influence on China’s chip industry.

C．To show the rapid development of China’s chip industry.

D．To provide advice on the development of Chin’s chip industry.

 

（2023秋·江苏南京·高三南京市中华中学校考阶段练习）While teenagers who are at risk of depression with risky behaviors-drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes and cutting classes often alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing, a new study finds that there’s another group of adolescents who are in nearly as much danger of experiencing the same mental symptoms.

These teens use tons of media, get insufficient sleep and have a sedentary (不爱活动的) lifestyle. Of course, that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet. But the study warns that it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme that are truly in a dangerous position. Because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag, these young people have been called the “invisible risk” group by the study’s authors.

The study’s authors surveyed 15,395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors, including excessive alcohol use, illegal drug use, heavy smoking and high media use. Their aim was to determine the relationship between these risk behaviors and mental health issues in teenagers. The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms of depression; in all, nearly 15% of this group reported being depressed, compared with just 4% of the low-risk group. But the invisible group wasn’t far behind the high-risk set, with more than 13% of them exhibiting depression.

The findings caught Carli off guard. “We didn’t expect that,” he says. “The high-risk group and low-risk group are obvious, but this third group was not only unexpected. It was so distinct and so larger-—nearly one third of our sample-that it became a key finding of the study.”

Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early warning signs for parents, teachers and mental health-care providers. And early identifications, support and treatment for mental health issues, he says, are the best ways to keep them from turning into full-blown disorders.

5．Which teenager probably belongs to the “invisible group”?

A．A teenager who drinks frequently.

B．A teenager who exercises regularly.

C．A teenager who skips school.

D．A teenager who suffers from a lack of sleep.

6．What can we know about the new study?

A．It was conducted by analyzing and comparing the previous data.

B．It was intended to dig into the reasons for depression.

C．It revealed an alarming rate of the invisible group suffering depression.

D．Its findings were under expectation of the research team.

7．What is Carli’s attitude toward the findings?

A．Conservative. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent.

8．The author wrote this passage to__________.

A．introduce a new therapy for teens’ mental disorder

B．warn about the unobserved signals for teens’ mental problems

C．share a novel psychological experiment with teens

D．caution teens against developing unhealthy habits

 

（2023秋·江苏·高三校联考阶段练习）A group of researchers studying the behavior of Amur tigers, also known as Siberian tigers, have found that they have different “personality” types that help them survive and raise their baby tigers.

According to the previous investigation, Amur tigers are definitely the largest cuts in the world. They live in vast forests in wildness areas of eastern Russia and in protected areas of northern China. There are about 400 of these tigers left in the wild, although there are probably hundreds more living in zoos or reserves.

The researchers based the study on a human test called “The Big Five”, which scores people on five personality features. They asked feeders working with 248 cats in two shelters to spy on the tigers and give an account of their personalities. The results divided the tigers into two groups, which the researchers described as having either “majesty” or “steadiness”. Tigers in the majesty category were those that appeared “dignified (高贵的) and ambitious”. The tigers in the steadiness category were “sincere and tolerant”.

Majestic tigers had a higher social status, spent more time hunting live animals, and mated and ate more. The steady tigers seemed gentler and loving toward one another. Rosalind Arden, co-author of the study, said, “It’s pleasant to see that you don’t have to be dominant, fierce, competitive, and aggressive in order to succeed as a tiger, which doesn’t correspond with people’s traditional insights into tigers.”

There were female and male tigers in both categories. In fact, female Amur tigers are rare and feel exhausted