内容正文:
Section Ⅱ Using language
关系代词引导的定语从句
观察下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征
(1)Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
(2)The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument.
(3)Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.
(4)On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
(5)Walk and Talk is perfect for anyone whose weekends need some excitement.
【语法感悟】
1.句(1)中的定语从句使用了关系代词that,在定语从句中作宾语。
2.句(2)中的定语从句使用了关系代词who,在定语从句中作主语。
3.句(3)中的定语从句使用了关系代词who,在定语从句中作主语。
4.句(4)中的定语从句使用了关系代词that,在定语从句中作主语,既可以指人也可以指物。
5.句(5)中的定语从句使用了关系代词whose,在定语从句中作定语。
知识点1 定语从句的基本概述
1.定义
在主从复合句中,对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2.分类
(1)限制性定语从句:从句在意义上不可缺少,如果去掉,主句的意思就会不完整或失去意义,从句和主句不用逗号分开。
(2)非限制性定语从句:用来补充说明先行词,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然完整,从句和主句往往用逗号隔开。
3.关系词的分类
关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,as
关系副词:when,where,why
4.关系词的作用
(1)连接主句和从句;(2)指代先行词;(3)在从句中充当句子成分。
知识点2 关系代词的用法
关系代词替代指人或物的先行词并在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
1.who指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。作宾语时一般可省略。
◆Here comes the girl who wants to see you.
想见你的那个女孩过来了。
◆Is this the girl (who) you talked of in your letter?
她就是你在信中谈及的那个女孩吗?
2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。
◆Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.
罗丝是你应该关心的人。
3.whose可修饰人,也可修饰物,表“所属”关系,在定语从句中作定语。
◆They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
那个人的车坏了,他们都冲过去帮忙。
◆He lives in a room whose door faces south.
他住在一个门朝南的房间里。
4.which指物,在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
◆China is a country which has a long history.
中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
◆The radio (which) he bought yesterday doesn't work today.
他昨天买的收音机今天坏了。
5.that既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。习惯上指人多用who、whom,指物多用that。
◆The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。
◆The managers discussed the plan that wil