Unit 2 Using language Grammar 语法课件-2023-2024学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 2 Exploring English Word formation Learn to know the word formation rules in English. Learn to know the differences between American English and British English in spelling and words choice. Why is English an interesting and crazy language to learn? There are several reasons for it. First, the formation and the meanings of some words are crazy, such as “_________” and “________”. Second, some words, like “_______, _______ ” and “________, _________” may make learners confused. Third, the meanings of some phrases are also confusing. That’s because English was invented by people, which reflects their __________. Review the passage Neither Pine nor Apple in Pineapple and finish the summary of the passage. pineapple homesick harmful harmless shameful shameless creativity Match the words to the types of word formation. a. Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. b. …sculpt a sculpture… c. When we… see rain…, we can say “it’s raining”… d. WHO □ 1 abbreviating □ 2 changing the part of speech □ 3 adding a prefix or suffix □ 4 combining two or more words d c b a Now look for more examples of each type in the reading passage. 1. abbreviating: IT, US 2. changing the part of speech: when we … see… snow, we can say… “it’s snowing”. 3. adding a prefix or suffix: paint-painting, hard-hardly, soft-softly, harm-harmless/harmful, shame-shameless/shameful, visible-invisible 4. combining two or more words: hamburger, eggplant, seasick, airsick, carsick, homesick, homework, housework 英语中，词的构成方法主要有四种： 合成法、转化法、派生法和缩略法。 1. 合成法(compound)：把两个或更多的词合成一个词，可用连字符连接，也可直接写一起，或者由分开的两个词构成。合成词一般包括：合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词等。 构词法 (Word formation) 1) 合成名词 名词+名词：postman, girlfriend, flowerbed, notebook 形容词+名词：blackboard, supermarket, greenhouse 名词+动词：daybreak, sunrise, haircut 动词-ing形式+名词：reading room, washing machine 名词+动词-ing形式：handwriting, papermaking 动词+名词：pickpocket, workroom 动词+副词：breakup 其它形式：get-together, go-between, passer-by 2) 合成形容词 形容词+名词+ed: warm-hearted 形容词+v.-ing: good-looking 副词+v