Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Section 4 Focus on Language：Relative Clauses（Word教参）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

141 / 143 Section 4　 Focus on Language：Relative Clauses (1) 课时目标 1.正确理解定语从句在句中的作用。 2.了解各种关系代词的功能。 3.掌握关系代词引导定语从句的用法，并能够在真实语境中运用。 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 Lucy is my friend who/that① has a hearing problem.When she first came to my school, she seemed lonely, but we soon became friends.At first it was difficult to communicate with her.So I learnt a new language which/that② allows me to “speak” with my hands. Lucy is a smart girl whose③ ideas are always inspiring.I sometimes have problems which/that④ I can't solve.When this happens, I always ask Lucy for help.Lucy is a good listener who/whom/that⑤ I enjoy sharing moments of my life with.,句①who/that引导定语从句，修饰先行词my friend，指人，在从句中作主语； 句②which/that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a new language，指物，在从句中作主语； 句③whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词a smart girl，指人，在从句中作定语； 句④which/that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词problems，指物，在从句中作宾语，可以省略； 句⑤who/whom/that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词Lucy，指人，在从句中作宾语，可以省略。 慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观　 定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、不定式(短语)以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。在主从复合句中修饰某一名词、代词或整个句子，担任定语功能的从句，叫作定语从句，它所修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。 一、引导定语从句的关系代词及用法　 [先感知] ①(教材典句)When we weren't playing on the court which was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV. ②(教材典句)Paul didn't know he'd soon get the chance that he'd been waiting for. ③(教材典句)Paul's favourite player was Tyrone Bogues, a guy who played for the Charlotte Hornets, although we actually agree that they are both champions. ④(教材典句)This week, The Lions were playing our main competitors, The Bears, a team whose record this season had been perfect. [会发现] 句①②中先行词指物，关系代词用which/that。 句③中先行词指人，关系代词用who。 句④中关系代词为whose，在定语从句中作定语。 　　[明规则] 关系代词用于替代指人或物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。 1．that既可以用于指人，又可以用于指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。指人时一般可用who替代，指物时一般可用which替代。 2．which引导定语从句用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。 3．who, whom用于指人，who用作主语或宾语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。 4．whose 可指人，也可指物，用来指代所属关系，在定语从句中作定语。 [对点练]　 (1)单句语法填空 ①(2022·全国乙卷) At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school