Unit 3 Getting Along with Others Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（Word教参）- 【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语必修第一册（牛津译林版2020）

117 / 117 Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage 　　　(语法项目——关系代词引导的定语从句) 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 　 　 A Girl Who Is Good At Drawing Mary, whose① drawings were shown at the exhibition last month, is a model student who② is often praised for her good works at school. As soon as people visited the exhibition, their eyes were caught by a picture which③ was hung on the wall. The horse drawn in the picture was exactly the very one that④ was galloping (奔驰) like a real horse. Many people believed it was the best picture that⑤ they had ever seen. However, Mary wasn't born a good painter but one whom⑥ teachers taught to practise drawing for many hours everyday. ①whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，先行词是Mary； ②who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是a model student； ③which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是picture； ④that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词是the very one； ⑤that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词是the best picture； ⑥whom引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词是one。 慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通　 一、概念　 复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语或句子进行修饰、限定的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等被称为先行词。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1．限制性定语从句：所修饰的词表示一个特定的人或东西。如果去掉它，被修饰的词就失去意义，句子就不能成立或不完整。 2．非限制性定语从句：由一个逗号将从句与先行词隔开，对所修饰的词作进一步的说明。如果去掉它，句子的意思仍然完整。 二、关系词　 定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有when, where, why。关系词通常有下列作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。 本单元主要介绍的是关系代词引导的定语从句。 三、句法功能　 (一)关系代词引导的定语从句 [先感知] ①(教材典句)A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. ②(教材典句)A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. ③(教材典句)Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. ④(教材典句)Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. ⑤(教材典句)“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us. ⑥(教材典句)“Liking” our friends' photos online does not develop the connection which we share. [会发现] (1)句①④中的先行词指人，关系代词在从句中分别作主语、宾语。 (2)句③⑤⑥中的先行词指物，关系代词在句③⑤中作主语，在句⑥中作宾语。 (3)句②中的先行词指人，关系代词在从句中作定语。 [明规则] 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 who 人 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语 whom 人 宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略) whose (＝ofwhom/of which) 人或物