UNIT 1 A new start Section Ⅲ Using language（Word教参）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Using language 语法项目——基本句子结构 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟 背美文 　　Some people think that sport does us good in many ways①. Not only does sport help people to stay fit and healthy②， but the competition and teamwork in sport also give people a lot of motivation for pushing themselves hard③. Others believe that sport is not the only way to do this. Eating well is a big part of a healthy life④. Meanwhile, sport can actually be dangerous.There are millions of people hurt each year in playing sport⑤， and some of them are hurt very seriously⑥. 悟语法 ①句为主谓宾结构；that引导的从句作动词think的宾语； ②句为主谓宾宾补结构；不定式短语作宾语补足语； ③句为主谓宾宾结构：主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语； ④句为主系表结构，动名词短语作主语；名词短语作表语； ⑤句为there be句型，真正的主语是millions of people； ⑥句为主谓状结构；副词作状语。 慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通 一、句子成分　 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。根据各个部分在句子中所起的作用分别称为主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体。 [先感知] ①English proves very important. ②To see is to believe. ③The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. ④They like you very much. ⑤I found the old man in good health. ⑥The girls in red are running fast. ⑦He brought me a cup of tea. ⑧Collecting stamps is my hobby. [会发现] 1．以上句子的主语分别为：English,_To_see,_The_suggestion,_They,_I,_The_girls,_He,_Collecting_stamps。综上，名词、代词、不定式、动名词短语可作主语。 2．以上句子的谓语分别为：proves important, is to believe, was adopted, like, found, are running, brought, is my hobby。常用作谓语动词的有：实义动词和系动词。 3．句④⑤⑦的宾语(object)分别为：you, the old man, me a cup of tea。句⑦的直接宾语(direct object)为a_cup_of_tea，间接宾语(indirect object)为me。综上，名词(短语)、代词可作宾语。 4．句①②⑧的表语(predicative) 分别为：important,_to_believe,_my_hobby。综上，名词、形容词、不定式可作表语。 5．句⑤的宾语补足语(object complement)为：in_good_health。 6．句⑤⑥⑦⑧的定语(attributive)分别为：old,_in_red,_a_cup_of,_my。综上，代词、形容词、介词短语可作定语。 7．句①④⑥的状语(adverbial)分别为：very,_very_much,_fast。 [明规则] 句子成分包括以下几类： 成分 意义 位置 可充当词 主语S(subject) 句子的主体，是谓语陈述、说明的对象，说明动作由“谁”发出 位于句首 名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句等 谓语V(verb) 谓语表示主语的行为或状态，谓语动词与主语在人称和数上须保持一致 主语之后 实义动词(V)和系表结构(VP) 宾语O(object) 表示行为或活动的对象、接受者或受影响者 动词或介词后 名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句等 直接宾语DO(direct object) 表示动作的对象、承受者或