内容正文:
Lesson 1: Focus On Language—语法·提升语言能力
课时目标
1.掌握代词it的用法及其固定搭配。
2.掌握it作形式主语和形式宾语的用法及其固定句型。
3.能够在具体语境中灵活运用it。
语法项目—— 代词it的用法
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
Antarctica is the coldest place on earth and ①it is also the driest.②It hardly ever rains on Antarctica.③It is difficult to imagine a more inhospitable place.④It is known that Antarctica was the last continent to be discovered.⑤It was in 1895 that a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.Life is quite abnormal so scientists have found ⑥it impossible to live there permanently.Many scientists think ⑦it worthwhile to protect ⑧it because its ecology is delicate.I think one day I will make ⑨it to Antarctica.
①⑧句中的it指代前面提到的Antarctica。
②句中的it指代天气。
③④句中的it作形式主语。
⑤句中的it用于强调句型。
⑥⑦句中的it作形式宾语。
⑨句中的it用在固定搭配中,make it表示“成功,抵达”。
慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观
代词it可以用来代替名词、短语、从句或句子,以避免它们在句中的重复,也可在句中作形式主语或形式宾语,以及用于强调句型及其他固定句式中等。
一、it用作代词
[先感知]
①It's time to have supper.
②It often rains here in summer.
③It is twenty miles from here to the village.
④It was very quiet in the garden.
⑤— Where is the dog?
— It is lying under the tree.
⑥Is it a boy or a girl?
⑦The Smiths bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in.
[会发现]
句中it表示时间; 句中it表示天气; 句中it表示距离; 句中it表示环境; 句中it表示前文提到的dog; 句中it表示不明身份的人; 句中it表示双方都知道的house。
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
[明规则]
(1)it在句中可指天气、时间、距离、环境等;
(2)it指代前面所提到过的事情、事物;
(3)it指代身份不明的人或婴儿;
(4)it指代未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。
[易混辨析]
it 特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物
that(those) 可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词,指代单数可数名词相当于the one。其复数形式为those,相当于the ones
one(ones) 指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”,其复数形式为ones
[对点练]
(1)完成句子
①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Not only an opportunity to show my writing skills, but it can also spark my passion for writing.
它不仅为我提供了一个展示写作技能的机会,而且它也能激发我对写作的热情。
②When the factory closes, 500 workers will be out of work.
工厂关闭时,就意味着500名工人将失业。
does it supply me with
it means
③—What time is it by your watch?
— ___________