21 应用文写作之词汇策略-2024高考英语一轮复习小题大题微技能精析精练(新高考版)

21 应用文写作之词汇策略 【策略精析】 应用文写作常见的词句错误 语言是评判作文的一个极其重要的因素。在实际的阅卷过程中，语法错误，尤其是较为严重的错误，是阅卷老师的主要“照顾点”。因此，认清各种各样的语法错误，尽可能地少犯，对于提高作文分是有极大的帮助的。 错误1：句子成分残缺不全 (1)We always working till late at night before taking exams. 改：We always work till late at night before taking exams. (2)We should read books may be useful to us. 改：We should read books which may be useful to us. 错误：句子成分多余 (1)This test is end，but there is another test is waiting for you. 改：One test ends，but another is waiting for you. (2)The driver of the red car was died on the spot. 改：The driver of the red car died on the spot. 错误：主谓不一致 (1)Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. 改：Some think that reading should be selective. (2)My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. 改：My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. 错误：动词时态、语态的误用 (1)I was walking along the road，and there are not so many cars on the street. 改：I was walking along the road and there were not so many cars on the street. (2)We have little time to read some books which we interest. 改：We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. (3)I am a student who has studying in the college for two years. 改：I have been studying in the college for two years. 错误：词类混淆 (1)Honest is so important for everyone. 改：Honesty is so important for everyone. (2)The old man was hit by a car when he across the street. 改：The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street. 应用文写作的选词策略 从高考书面表达的评分标准可知，用词是否准确、出彩在一定程度上决定了作文能否得高分。高考英语书面表达评分标准也鼓励考生使用高级词汇，但使用高级词汇并不等于使用一些偏难、古怪的词汇，而是使用一些表意准确、形象生动、语法正确且符合以英语为母语的人的习惯表达方式的词汇。在使用词汇时，我们可以尝试如下方法。 1.无重复原则——求雅变异 写作时应尽量避免重复使用相同的词语，要用贴切多样的词语来展示自己的词汇水平。用词不同、表达方式迥异，也是词汇高级用法的体现。恰当地使用同义词不仅可以体现雅致的文风，还有利于增强段落的统一性和连贯性。 By learning English I have broadened my mental horizons and increased my knowledge in different fields. →By learning English I have broadened my mental horizons and increased my knowledge in various fields.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文) 通过学英语我开阔了我的视野，增加了我在各领域的知识。 2.具体化原则——生动贴切 所谓词义具体化原则是指，写作中尽量避免使用意义宽泛、模糊的词，而