被动语态（讲义）通用版英语

被动语态 一、定义 英语有两种语态，即主动语态（Active Voice）和被动语态（Passive Voice）。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语的形式为主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。 1）判断主动语态/被动语态 ①Many people speak English. ( ) ②English is spoken by many people. ( ) ③Bell invented the telephone in 1876. ( ) ④The telephone was invented by bell in 1876. ( ) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称，数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。 1）以do为例，填写动词的八大时态的被动语态 动词的五种形式：do(原形)，does( ), did( ), doing( ), done( ) 助动词：①will, shall, would, should ②have, has, had ③be(am, is, are, was, were) 时态 一般 完成 进行 现在 am/is/are done 过去 将来 过去将来 2)以ask为例，一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式如下表 肯定式 否定式 疑问式 一般现在时 I am asked… He/She is asked… We/You/They are asked… I am not asked… He/She is not asked… We/You/They are not asked… Am I asked…? Is he/she asked…? Are we/you/they asked…? 一般过去时 I was asked… He/She was asked… We/You/They are asked… I was not asked… He/She was not asked… We/You/They were not asked… Was I asked…? Was he/she asked…? Were we/you/they asked…? 3）及时训练 ①When Tim____________ why he was late for school, he just kept silent. A. was asked B. asked C. was asking D. is asked ②Smoking ____________ in public places in China. A. allows B. doesn’t allow C. allowed D. isn’t allowed ③Which language ___________ the most widely___________ (speak) in the world? ④The lost boy________________________________(not find) so far. 三、含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。 1)用________划出含有情态动词的被动语态 ①Teenagers should be allowed to make their own decisions. ②Your room must be cleaned every day. ③The trees may be planted behind the house. ④This game can be played in the winter. 2）及时训练 ①Can the magazine__________________(take) out of the library. ② The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime. ③You needn't do it now. (改为被动语态) It ______ ________ ________ by you now