Unit1 单元语法句子的成分和基本句型课件-2023-2024学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

英语中的基本句子成分 及基本句型结构 主语 （subject） 谓语 （predicate） 宾语 （object） 表语 （predicative） 定语 （attribute） 状语 （adverbial） 补语 （complement） 七种基本的句子成分 1. 主语：即一个句子描述的对象，常位于句子最前面。 1.The sun rises in the east. 2.He likes reading. 3.Twenty years is a short time in history. 4.Seeing is believing. 5.To see is to believe. 6.What he needs is a book. 常用名词，代词，数词，动名词，动词不定式，从句等形式充当一个句子的主语。 The sun He Twenty years Seeing To see What he needs 2.谓语:即句子主语发出的动作，常位于主语之后. 1.We study English. 2.Time flies. 3.He works so hard. 常用实义动词充当一个句子的谓语成分。 study flies works 3.宾语：常位于动词或介词之后，即一个动作的承受者 1.I like China. 2.He hates you. 3.I enjoy working with you. 4.I hope to see you again. 5.Did you write down what he said. 1. Are you afraid of the snake? 2. Under the snow, there are many rocks. 动词宾语 介词宾语 常用名词/代词/动名词/不定式/从句等形式充当句子宾语。 China you working with you to see you what he said the snake the snow 4.表语: 表示主语的性质、状态和特征， 常位于系动词之后， 1.He is a teacher. 2.He looks handsome. 3.The picture is on the wall. 4.The question is whether they will come. 5.All you need to do is to take notes carefully in class. 常用名词，形容词，介词短语，从句，不定式等充当句子的表语成分。 a teacher handsome on the wall whether they will come. to take notes carefully in class 5.定语: 用来修饰某个名词或代词的形容词，短语或 句子，定语可位于其修饰词的前面或后面。 1.This is an old computer. 2.The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. 3.The boys playing football are in class 8. 4.The trees planted last year are growing well now. 5.I have a good way to learn English well. 6.The book that I am reading is written by MoYan. 常用形容词，介词短语，现在分词，过去分词，不定式，从句等形式充当定语成分。 old with a baby in her arms playing football planted last year to learn English well that I am reading 6.状语: 用来修饰动词，形容词, 或者整个句子的副词，短语或者从句，可表示时间/地点/原因/方式/结果/条件/让步等。 1.I will go there tomorro