Unit 4 Section 4 Grammar—过去将来时-【赢在微点】轻松课堂2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（北师大版）

Section 4　Grammar—过去将来时 语法图解 观察句子 1.He told me he would go to Beijing. 2.In the store, I asked my children to pick something our friend there would appreciate. 3.Tony promised her that this would not happen again. 4.He made a promise that his homework would be handed in before school was over. 5.Were they going to finish the work before the next day? 6.In my senior high school, my dream was that I would be a doctor. 我的领悟 过去将来时是“立足过去,着眼未来”的一种时态,常用于宾语从句中,如句1,3。另外,在定语从句、目的状语从句或其他从句中,如果主句用一般过去时,从句表示将来,那么也要用过去将来时,如句2,4,6。其否定句的构成为助动词后直接加not,如句3;其一般疑问句的构成为直接将助动词提到句首,如句5;其被动句的构成为将do/to do变为be done/to be done,如句4。 一、基本构成 1.“would+动词原形”表示过去将来时 would通常用于所有人称, should只用于第一人称;should和would可缩写为“􀆳d”, should not和would not的缩写形式分别为shouldn􀆳t和wouldn􀆳t。 ①He said he would come to see me. 他说他要来看我。 ②I told her I should (would) return the book in a few days. 我告诉她,我将在几天后还书。 2.“was/were+going to+动词原形”表示过去将来时 (1)这种结构表示过去打算或计划将要做什么。 ①I was told that he was going to return home. 他告诉我他准备回家。 ②He told me he was going to learn another foreign language. 他告诉我说,他打算学另外一门外语。 (2)“was/were+going to+动词原形”还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。 It seemed as if it was going to rain. 看来好像要下雨。 3.“was/were+to+动词原形”表示过去将来时 这种结构表示过去计划或安排将要发生的动作。 ①He said he was to finish the work in a week. 他说他打算一周内完成这项工作。 ②She told me that she was to raise money for the charity. 她告诉过我她要为慈善事业筹集资金。 4.“was/were+about+to+动词原形”表示过去将来时 这种结构表示“即将”要发生的动作。 ①The bus was about to start. 公共汽车马上就要开了。 ②I was about to go out when the phone rang. 我刚要出去,这时电话铃响了。 过去将来时的时间状语 　　过去将来时常用的时间状语:the next day/week/month/year, the following day/week/month/year, two days/months/weeks later, after ten o􀆳clock等。 二、一些特殊结构 1.某些短暂性动词(短语)的过去进行时可代替过去将来时 come, go, leave, arrive, start, take off(起飞)等短暂性动词(短语)可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。 ①He said the train was leaving at six the next morning. 他说火车第二天早晨六点出发。 ②She told me she was coming to see me. 她告诉我她要来看我。 2.某些特定场合的一般过去时可代替过去将来时 条件状语从句和时间状语从句中需用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 ①I didn􀆳t know when she would come, but when she came I would let you know. 我不知道她