Unit 4 Period Ⅱ Using language—Grammar & Vocabulary-【金版教程】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第一册创新导学案word（外研版2019）

英语　必修·第一册[外研版] Period Ⅱ　Using language—Grammar & Vocabulary Grammar(定语从句Ⅰ) [观察句子，总结规律] 观察下列句子，体会黑体词在句中的用法： ①The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument． ②On social media sites, people tend to post only good things that make them appear happy and friendly． ③Born in 476 BC, he came from a family which was very poor． ④Do you know the girl whose English is excellent? ⑤The woman (whom) you saw just now is our teacher． ⑥Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people (that) we want to remain friends with． [我的发现] 通过观察可知： (1)句①②③中黑体部分的引导词是关系________，均在定语从句中充当________，________省略。 (2)句④中黑体部分的引导词是关系________，在定语从句中充当________，________省略。 (3)句⑤⑥中黑体部分的引导词是关系________，在定语从句中充当________，________省略。 答案：(1)代词；主语；不可　(2)代词；定语；不可　(3)代词；宾语；可以 1．定语从句的定义与分类 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。前者紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；后者主句与从句之间用逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。 2．关系代词的基本用法 (1)who的用法：who指人，在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。 There is a girl who wants to see you． 有个女孩儿想见你。 (2)whom的用法：whom指人，在从句中作宾语，此时也可用who代替或省略。 The old man (who/whom) you saw yesterday is a thinker． 你昨天见到的那位老人是位思想家。 (3)whose的用法：whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。它可以转化为“the＋名词＋of which/whom”和“of which/whom＋the＋名词”的形式。 This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country． ＝This is the scientist the name of whom is known all over the country． 这就是那位全国知名的科学家。 Please pass me the book whose cover is green． ＝Please pass me the book the cover of which is green． 请递给我那本绿色封面的书。 (4)which和that的用法 which指物，that 既可指人也可指物；它们在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，which和that在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 Please find a room which/that is big enough for all of us to live in． 请找一间足够大，能住下我们所有人的房间。 This is the house (which/that) we bought last month． 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。 This is the thief (that) we have been looking for these days． 这就是我们近日来一直在找的小偷。 3．指物时只用that而不用which的情况 (1)当先行词是all, little, few, none, anything, something, everythi