Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语必修第一册外研版（课时作业）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Family fights are never enjoyable.Whether you are dealing with a loud sister or a stubborn (固执的) mom or dad, the situation can be bad.At least that's what we have learned to expect.

What if it could be different? What if family fights and conflicts(冲突) could be turned into chances to become closer? What if problems could be solved with everyone walking away feeling more deeply cared for and loved?

Family fighting is, on one level, about power.Someone is telling someone else what to do.In a short moment, emotions(情绪) can be brought out and the fight is on.You can go down that old road or you can try something different.

In any fight, you have a need to be listened to and understood.People raise their voices and shout at each other because they're not being listened to.It's totally unconscious(无意识的)．You want your mom or dad to listen and understand.You want your brother or sister to listen and care.But you always seem to forget that the person you're fighting with has the same need to be listened to.So if you can put aside your need for a few minutes, the situation will change quickly.Give the other person some time to express his or her feelings, and you will earn your turn to be listened to.And while you are listening, you have to listen for the right information.The best way to do this in emotional situations is to ignore(忽略) most of the words because many people can't express what they are feeling with words alone, especially when they are upset.

But if the situation starts to get out of control, it will be wise to just calm down and leave the problem until later because many fights happen at the wrong time.The situation will die down quickly, usually in less than 30 seconds.You can either move on to problem solving or reach an agreement to work on it at a better time.

This way, everyone will feel respected and listened to, even when there is a conflict.Emotions will be understood and respected, and it will bring your family closer together.

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。作者在这篇文章中针对家庭争斗提供一些建议和意见， 从而缓和家庭矛盾。

1．What do the first three paragraphs mainly want to show?

A．People had better avoid family fights.

B．Family members fight to control each other.

C．Family fights are easy to happen.

D．Family fights can be turned into something positive.

解析　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“What if family fights and conflicts could be turned into chances to become closer？”和第三段“You can go down that old road or you can try something

different.”可知， 家庭争斗可能会转变为使家人变得更亲近的机会， 即家庭斗争有一定积极作用， 你可以接受争斗也可以做一些积极的改变来调节和缓和争斗， 因此D项符合文意。

答案　D

2．What is the key to dealing with family fights according to the author's opinion?

A．To meet the need to be listened to first.

B．To make sure that you're the first to be listened to.

C．To ignore what others say in these emotional situations.

D．To stop saying anything when you feel you are giving orders.

解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In any fight, you have a need to be listened to and understood.”和第四段的内容可知， 在任何家庭矛盾中你都需要被倾听和理解。如果你可以将自己的需求搁置几分钟， 情况将会迅速改变。给对方一些时间来表达他或她的感受， 你将有机会被他们聆听。因此， 在作者看来， 解决家庭矛盾的关键在于首先满足对方的需求。

答案　A

3．What's the best way when the situation gets out of control？　

A．Wait for a better moment to speak.

B．Let the other person express his feelings.

C．Work on a written agreement first.

D．Move on to problem solving.

解析　细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知， 如果情况开始失控， 明智的做法是冷静下来， 将问题留到以后再解决， 因为许多矛盾是在错误的时间发生的。你可以继续解决问题， 也可以达成协议在更好的时间进行解决。因此， 当争吵难以控制时， 最好等冷静下来， 换个合适的时间再说。

答案　A

4．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．Ignoring most of the words.

B．Listening for the right information.

C．Expressing what they are feeling with words.

D．Spending time listening to others.

解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句话可知， 在聆听时， 你必须聆听正确的信息。在情绪激动的情况下， 做到这一点的最佳方法是忽略大多数话语， 因为许多人无法仅凭话

语来表达自己的感受， 尤其是在生气时。因此， this指代的内容是前一句中“聆听正确的信息”。

答案　B

B

The evidence for harmony (和睦) may not be obvious in some families.But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents.

An important new study into teenage attitudes shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past.“We were surprised by just how positive today's young people seem to be about their families，” says one member of the research team.“They're expected to be rebellious (叛逆的) but actually they have other things in their minds; they want a car and other material goods, and they worry whether school is serving them well.There're more negotiations (协商) between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision­making process.”

So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends.“My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me，” says 17­year­old Daniel Lazall.“I always tell them when I'm going out.As long as they know what I'm doing, they're fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees.“Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiations.For example, as long as I'd done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night.But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”

One of the researchers comments, “Our astonishment that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings.But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled.Now, the situation has changed.”

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。与以前的父母相比，当代父母更加平等地对待孩子，会给孩子更多的自由，也允许孩子参与家庭事务，家庭氛围更加和谐。

5．What does the new study show?

A．Teenagers are more rebellious.

B．Teenagers worry more about studies.

C．Teenagers dislike making family decisions.

D．Teenagers have more negotiations with families.

解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的第一句和最后一句可知，研究发现现在的家庭更加和谐，孩子和父母之间的协商增多了。故选D。