Unit 1 Back to school. Grammar and usage 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第一册

Unit 1 Grammar and Usage 1 句子成分及句子结构 什么是句子呢？ 我，是句子吗？ 英语，是句子吗？ 我喜欢英语，是句子吗？ 请思考： 句子是指由词和词组通过句法构成的、 能够表达完整意思的语言单位。 那么，句子成分又是什么呢？ I like English. 主语：I 谓语：like 宾语：English 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。 句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语和同位语。 概念须知： I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 我昨天在这个车站遇到了我最好的朋友Tom. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 地 点 状 语 ↓ 时 间 状 语 句子成分的构成 句子的主干成分： 主语、谓语、宾语、表语 句子的次要成分： 定语、状语、补语（宾补、主补）、插入语、同位语 Officer: Citizens, I bring a proclamation（公告，诏书） from the imperial city（京城）. The Huns（匈奴） have invaded China. By order of the emperor（皇帝）, one man from every family must serve in the imperial army. The Fa family！ Mulan: No! Mulan’ s father: I am ready to serve the emperor. What does the movie talk about? The movie tells the story of a young Chinese woman Mulan. Analyze the sentence element The movie tells the story of a young Chinese woman. Mulan is the main character in the movie. 指句子所谈论的主体 S (subject) 主语 在句子中，主语是谓语动词的发出者（主体）。主语一般位于句子开头，且一般不能省略。 注意： 1. 在倒装句、疑问句、there be结构中，句子主语可放在谓语之后。 （1）Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. （2）Who is he? （3）There is a table and two chairs.（就近原则） 2. 在祈使句中，主语you常常省略。 eg. Don’t move. Mulan loved her father and her country. By order of the emperor, one man from ever family must serve in the imperial army. Miss Li is kind and friendly. 通常说明主语的动作或所处的状态 V. (verb) 谓语 Analyze the sentence element 分类 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成 复合谓语： 情态动词+动词原形 基本助动词be、do、have+主要动词 He likes reading. I can swim. I don’t like apples. She has finished the homework. We come. The sun rose. Tired and hungry, we arrived home（副词） with nothing to eat. I have finished my homework so I can play now. Knowing his disadvantages, I can defeat him easily. I am reading a book now. Exercises: Find the verbs in the sentences. The Huns have invaded China. I’