UNIT 6 THE ADMIRABLE Section Ⅲ Grammar-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年英语必修第二册北师大版(教师用书)

#Section Ⅲ　Grammar 介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句同义词和反义词 项目一 介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句 一、基本概念 1．关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，从句常由 “介词＋which/whom” 引导。 2．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指物时只能用which；关系代词指人时只能用whom。 二、语法规则 (一)“介词＋which/whom”中介词的确定 1．根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定。 I still remember the day on which I joined the army. 我仍然记得我参军的那一天。(表示具体的“在哪一天”，用介词on) 2．根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定介词。该动词或形容词常与某些介词构成固定搭配。 He is the man for whom I'm waiting for a long time. 他是我等了很久的那个人。(wait for等待，为固定搭配) He is a famous singer of whom we are proud. 他是一位我们引以为豪的著名歌唱家。(be proud of以……而自豪，为固定搭配) 3．根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子中，定语从句中谓语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思选用不同的介词。 This is the book without which I can't pass the exam. 这是一本没有它我就不能通过考试的书。(根据句意判定) [即学活用1] 单句语法填空 ①I wanted to find someone with_whom I could discuss books and music. ②I'll never forget the day on_which she said goodbye to me. ③He referred me to some books with_which I am not very familiar. ④The tower from_which people can have a good view is on the hill. ⑤The man to_whom I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. ⑥In our class all the fifty students，only one of_whom didn't pass the exam，had taken part in the final exam. ⑦The way in_which one student studies might be quite different from that of another student. ⑧Can you see the desk on_which there is a book and two pens? ⑨The man with_whom I share the room is a young teacher from college. ⑩He works in a factory，at the back of_which there is a river. (二)“介词十关系代词”的特殊用法 有时“介词＋关系代词” 前会出现不定代词(all，both，none，neither，many，few，the rest 等)、数词(分数、百分数等) 及“the＋最高级/比较级”等，用来表示部分、数目等意义。 I live in the room，the windows of which (of which the windows/whose windows) face south. 我住在一个窗户朝南的房间里。 Last week，only two people came to look at the house，neither of whom wanted to buy it. 上周只有两个人来看了房子，但是没有一个想要买的。 The football team has 15 members，the oldest of whom is 25 years old. 这支足球队有15名队员，其中最大的25岁。 在 “the＋名词＋of＋关系代词” 或 “of＋关系代词＋the＋名词” 中一定不能漏掉冠词the; 在“whose＋名词”结构中一定不能加上冠词 the。 [即学活用2] 单句语法填空 ①He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows，most of_which hadn't been