专题1 考点10 情态动词和虚拟语气-【十年高考】备战2024年高考英语真题分类解析与应试策略（Word版）

考点10情态动词和虚拟语气　 􀳌精讲·语法知识 一、情态动词 1.情态动词的基本用法　2.情态动词的特殊用法　3.“情态动词+have done”的用法 二、虚拟语气 1.虚拟语气用于条件句中　2.虚拟语气用于名词性从句中　3.其他情况的虚拟语气 􀳌夯实·基础训练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.(2023·山东泰安一中模拟,改编)Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it 　　　　　have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.  答案 must　解析 句意:车厢由蒸汽机拉动,对于乘客而言,在浓烟和噪音下乘车肯定是相当不舒服的。此处表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测,所以用must have been。 2.(2023·山东省济南外国语学校检测,改编)The famous E-sports team were affected by the jet lag(时差) significantly, otherwise they 　　　　　(accomplish) the task in half the time.  答案 would have accomplished　解析 句意:这支有名的电竞队伍被时差严重影响,不然他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。分析句子结构可知,“otherwise”构成含蓄条件,设空处表示与过去事实相反的假设,故填would have accomplished。 3.(2023·河南郑州实验中学质检,改编)As is known to us all, if we are in trouble, it is not our phones but our friends that 　　　　　really help us out.  答案 can　解析 句意:众所周知,如果我们有困难,真正能帮助我们的不是我们的手机,而是我们的朋友。此处表示“能够”,所以填can。 4.(2023·山东临沂一中模拟,改编)Much to my surprise, he behaved as if nothing 　　　　　(happen).  答案 had happened　解析 句意:使我惊奇的是,他表现得好像什么也没发生一样。此处表示与过去事实相反的假设,所以用过去完成时,故填had happened。 5.(2022·天津,1,改编)—I worked on your car the whole night.How is it running? —It is running great! I 　　　　　hardly thank you enough.You were such a big help!  答案 can　解析 句意:——我整晚都在修理你的车。现在开起来怎么样?——开起来好极了!太感谢你了。你真是帮了个大忙!根据“It is running great!”可知,此处向对方表示感谢,“I can hardly thank you enough.”意为“太感谢你了。” 6.(2022·甘肃天水试题,改编) If Jenny had spent more time practising speaking Chinese before,she 　　　　　able to speak it much better now.  答案 would be　解析 句意:如果珍妮以前花更多的时间练习说汉语,她现在就能说得更好些。本题为错综时间条件句,即if从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。与现在事实相反的主句谓语部分为“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。 7.(2022·山西太原试题,改编) I wish I 　　　　　(be) at my sister􀆳s wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in Hangzhou then.  答案 had been　解析 句意:上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼,但那时我在杭州出差。在wish后面的宾语从句中,表示与过去事实相反的愿望用“had done”。 8.(2022·浙江余姚中学试题,改编) What a pity! You missed the sightseeing,or we would 　　　　　(have) a good time together.  答案 have had　解析 句意:真遗憾!你错过了这次观光,否则,我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文 “You missed the sightseeing