内容正文:
Unit 2 Exploring English
Using language
Grammar: Word formation
the importance of learning words
Grammar: Word formation
构词法
(word formation)
合成法
(combining two or more words)
派生法
(adding a prefix or suffix)
转化法
(changing the part of speech)
缩写
(abbreviating)
前缀
(prefix)
后缀
(suffix)
Grammar: Word formation
Match the words in bold to the types of word formation.
a. Neither is there pine nor
apple in pineapple.
b. … sculpt a sculpture …
c. When we … see rain …,we
can say “it’s raining …. ”
d. WHO
1. abbreviating
2. changing the part of speech
3. adding a prefix or suffix
4. combining two or more words
Grammar: compound word (合成词)
1.Every afternoon, he buries himself in practicing his handwriting.
2.The warm-hearted girl does a part-time job with her sisters-in-law sometimes.
3.If you want to overcome difficulties, you ought to be brave enough.
4.The man lawyer, with a couple of women doctors, advise these grown-ups to take their advice.
通过观察我们可知,合成词中有两种变化情况。一种是直接把两个词联合在一起,如句1;另一种是通过连字符链接起来,如句2。合成词一共有五类,如afternoon, handwriting属于合成名词;warm-hearted, part-time属于合成形容词;himself,something属于合成代词;overcome属于合成动词;sometimes属于合成 副词。 合成名词的复数形式变化!1)通常是把前面的主体名词变复数,如 sisters-in-law ;若没有主体名词,则在最后一个词后面加复数形式,如grown-ups。(2)由man和woman构成的合成名词变复数时,两个名词都要变成复数,如:women doctors 。
Grammar: derivation word(派生词)
派生法
前缀(prefix)
后缀(suffix)
dis-
im-
in-
disagree, dislike, disappear
impossible, impolite, impatient
inexpensive, incorrect, inability
inter-
mis-
non-
pre-
re-
un-
不
不
不
在……之间;相互
错误地
不,非
在……之前
再,重新
不
international,
interconnect
mislead, misunderstand
non-electrical, non-smoker
preschool, preview, prewar
retell, rewrite, reread
unable, unhappy
Grammar: derivation word(派生词)
派生法
前缀(prefix)
后缀(suffix)
-er, or
-ment
-ship
-tion
-able
-ful
-less
-ous
-ly
(做某事)的人 / ……者
表示动作、状态、结果
表示技能、地位、性质、状态
表示结果
表示有……性质的,可……的
表示有……性质的,充满的
表示无、没有
表示有……特性的
表示方式
dancer, actor
arrangement
development
leadership
friendship
relation, reflection
washable
com