基本的三个时态和语态 学案-2023-2024学年初升高衔接英语

初高衔接：基本时态和语态 Ⅰ 一般现在时的构成与用法 1. 构成：翻译下列句子并归纳： 当谓语是be动词时, 即为____________； 当谓语是行为动词时, 主动_______________；被动_____________。 1) I am a student. 2) We often watch TV at the weekends.  3) We don't watch TV at the weekends.    4) Jim usually goes to the park on Sundays. 5) Jim doesn't go to the park on Sundays. 2. 意义： 1) 表_________________的动作和现在的状态、 特征。句中常用often, usually, every day, always, sometimes等时间状语连用。 He _______ (go) to school every day 2) 表按时间表、节目单、计划、规定要发生的动作，（句中都有时间状语）但限于少 数动词。如begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等表示____________的动词。常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。（主语往往是_________） (1) The train _______ (start) at nine in the morning. (2) The plane to Beijing ________ (leave) at 9:30. 3) 表示___________________ The moon ______ (move) around the earth. 4) 在状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，即_______原则。 If you _______ (come) tonight, we’ll have a meeting. 3. 练习： A. 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 wash_________ match _______guess______ study______ finish______ go________ snow______ carry_________ see________ drive______ teach______ catch______ B. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1) He often ______( have ) dinner at home.    2) Daniel and Tommy ______ ( be ) in Class One at present. 3) We ______ ( not watch ) TV on Mondays.     4) If it _____(rain) tomorrow, the sports meeting will be put off (推迟).       5) Everyone______ ( have ) different hobbies. 6) The train to Shanghai ______(leave) at 10 p.m.       Ⅱ 一般过去时的构成与用法 1. 构成 翻译并归纳：结构：主动_______________ 被动_____________ 1) I went to bed at eleven last night.  2) I was a little shy when I was a kid. 3) The bag was found yesterday. 2. 用法及意义： 1） 表___________发生的动作或存在的状态，常和ago, just now, a week ago, yesterday, in 1998, in those days, the day before yesterday(前天), last( night/week...), at that time,____________(几天前)等表示过去的时间状语连用。 (1) He _______ (see) Mr. Li yesterday. (2) He ________ (work) in a factory in 1986. 3.动词过去式的构成规律 1) 规则动词的过去式 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ed packed, listen--_______ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为i, 再加ed carry-carried, study-_____, try-____