专题14 谓语-[高考字典] 2024年高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略(通用版)

高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略 专题14 谓语 知识网络 一.各种时态 1.一般现在时: 用法: 1)目前的状况:We are still young. 我们还年轻。 2)经常或习惯动作:I never sit up late into the night. 3)真理或客观存在: Two heads are better than one. 4)时间、条件状语从句表将来:If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go. 构成: 1)一般加s:attack, donate, occur, recover, respond, clap, escape, ache, survive 2)以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾加es:focus, fix, flash, approach, attach, go, do 3)辅音字母+y结尾,y→ies:study, carry, fly, worry, apply, fancy 4)特殊变化:have→ has, be→ am/is/are 2.一般过去时 用法:1) a.在过去确定时间里存在的状态:At that time he was young. b.在过去确定时间里发生的动作: He came here three days ago. 2) 在过去某个时间内经常发生的事:We often went boating when we were children. 3) 时间、条件状语从句表示过去将来:He telephoned me to say that he wouldn’t come if it rained the next day. 构成:1)一般直接加ed:want, work, clean, attack, crash, prevent, deliver 2)结尾有e(不发音)只加d:survive, tie, donate, breathe, escape, ache 3)读闭音节,双写尾字母再加ed:jog, hug, chat, refer, occur 4)辅音字母+y结尾,y→ied:study, marry, apply, fancy 3.一般将来时 用法:1)在将来某个时间里会发生的动作或存在的状态:The guides will entertain you with stories. 2)按时刻表或日程表上将要做的事:When does the plane arrive? 构成:1)be going to+原形:We’re going to meet outside the school gate. 2)am/is/are +现在分词:I’m leaving for Shanghai tonight. 3)be to +原形(公务安排或必须做的事):He is to visit Japan next year. 4)be about to+原形(即将):That package is about to come unwrapped. 4.过去将来时 用法:1)在过去某个时间看来,将要发生的动作或存在的状态 构成:1)would +原形:She told me she probably would come. 2)was /were +现在分词:She told me she was coming to see me. 3)was /were going to+原形:We focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. 5.现在进行时 用法:表示正在进行的动作或发生的事情:I am translating a book these days. 构成:am /is /are +现在分词 现在分词:1)一般加ing:reflect, apply, suffer, prevent, deliver 2)去e加ing:explore, bite, hesitate, breathe, escape 3)双写末字母加ing:quit, permit, chat, refer, occur 6.过去进行时 用法:表示在过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的事:I was doing my lessons this time yesterday. 构成: was/were+现在分词 7.将来进行时 用法:表示在将来某时正在进行的动作:By this time tomorrow, I’ll be lying on the beach. 构成:will be +现在分词 8.现在完成时 用法: 1)表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果。常与already, yet, ever