第6讲 完形填空专题 导学案-2022-2023学年上海市暑期初升高一衔接英语

教学内容 Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people (28) ______believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug (29) _______. They don’t realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The (30) ______“substance abuse” is often used (31) ______“drug abuse” to (32) ______that substance such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully (33) _______as heroin and cocaine. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is widespread: an aspirin to (34) _______a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning. When do these socially (35) _______ and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce (36) _______ effects such as poisoning or intense lasting distortions. Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance (37) _______to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued. Drugs (substance) that (38) _______the central nervous system and (39) _______consciousness, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulus, depressants, or hallucinogens. Stimulus initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, (40) _______depressants slow it down. Hallucinogens have their (41) _______effect on perception, distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations. These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning “mind manifesting”) because they seemed to(42) ___