Unit 6 Section 4 Grammar—现在完成进行时-【赢在微点】轻松课堂2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版2019）

Section 4　Grammar—现在完成进行时 语法图解 观察句子 1．—Hi, Tommy, you look tired. —I am tired. I have been playing the computer games all day. 2．We have been waiting for the bus for half an hour, but it has not come yet. 3．This is what I have been expecting since my childhood. 4．Miss Jones has been teaching music at Eton School for ten years. 5．I think the waitress must have forgotten us. We have been waiting here for over half an hour and nobody served. 6．Where have you been? I have been telephoning you the whole day. 7．They have been widening the road. 8．I have not been sleeping well since I returned home. 我的领悟 现在完成进行时是表示一个开始于过去，并持续到现在的动作(这动作可能刚停止，也可能还在进行)；用于表达事件的持续性。由于现在完成进行时是完成体和进行体的组合，所以它同时具备完成时和进行时的特征。它的基本构成形式是have/has_been_doing。 一、延续性 表示开始于过去的活动持续到现在，并且活动往往还没有结束，将继续持续下去。 ①The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中国有两千年的造纸历史。(还将继续造纸，不会停止造纸) ②—Why? Jack，you look so tired! 杰克为什么你看上去很累啊？！ —Well, I have been painting the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. 对，我一直在粉刷屋子，而且明天必须得刷完。(强调一直在做，并且还将持续) 【典型例题】 Mary ________ to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this weekend. 【答案】　has been going 【解析】　考查时态。句意：从6月开始，玛丽每天晚上去上写作课，这个课程将于这周末结束。玛丽上写作课的动作从过去持续到未来的这周末，所以要用现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。 二、重复性 到目前为止的一段时间内重复发生的活动。 —Isn't it hard to drive to downtown to work? ——开车去市中心上班难道不麻烦吗？ —Yes, that's why I have been going to work by train. ——很麻烦，这也是为什么我一直坐火车去工作的原因。(到现在一直坐火车去上班，强调重复性和持续性) 【典型例题】 Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________ to make our environment more beautiful. 【答案】　have been trying 【解析】　考查时态。关键词是since “自从……”； since引导的从句经常和现在完成时以及现在完成进行时连用。句意：自从人类开始搞园艺活动到现在，我们一直都在努力让我们的环境更美丽。本句使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的持续性和反复性。 三、感情色彩性 和进行时一样，现在完成进行时可以带有说话人的感情色彩(如赞扬、厌恶、抱怨等)。 ①Where have you been? I have been waiting for you in the rain for two hours. 你去哪了？我在雨中等了你两个小时。(抱怨) ②Who's been eating my apples? Why didn't he tell me? 谁一直在吃我的苹果？为什么他不告诉我？(不满) 三、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 1．现在完成时强调动作的完成和对现在的影响，现在完成进行时强调动作的持续。 ①He has painte