2023年初高衔接专题6 阅读理解之题型分析

阅读理解之题型分析 1． 阅读理解之事实细节题 1.提问的特殊疑问词常有：what，who， which， where，how，why等。 2.解题原则：忠实于原文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。 3.文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关细节的问题通常是对文中某个词语、某个句子、某个段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。 4.在阅读理解中，事实细节题常见的命题方式如下： (1)Which of the following is right? (2)Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage? (3)Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage? (4)Which of the following is NOT true in the passage? (5)Which of the following is NOT mentioned? (6)Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? (7) The writer mentions all of the items listed below except (8)What is the example of ...as described in the passage? (9) From this passage we know that________ (10)In the passage, the author states that _________ 二．阅读理解之意义猜测题 1.此类题的一般提问方式： (1) The word“ABC”inthe passage probably means________ (2) The underlined word"ABC in the passage refers to/means________ (3)Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph? (4) The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means________ (5)The word"it(them) in the first paragraph refers to ________ (6) Which of the following is nearest/ closest in meaning to "….”? 2. 猜词技巧点拨: 解答这类试题最重要的方法是理解含生词部分的上下文(也就是人们常说的语境)来推测其意思。以下是可供参考的几个小技巧： (1)根据近义词关系：一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词。作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义词去解释另一个更难的词。 如: At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank.( ) 解析：根据nor结构后的 money，bank可以推测 capital在这里不是指首都 而是指“资金”。 (2) 根据反义词关系：作者常常用反义词使文章更具表现力，我们可以利用反义词作为线索去猜测句中出现的生词的意思。 一是看表示转折的连词或者副词，如but, while, however; 二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。 如： He is so homely， not at all as handsome as his brother。( ) 解析：根据 not。handsome我们不准推测出 homely的意思，即“不英俊的，不漂亮的”。 (3)根据同位或解释关系：当作者不能肯定读者能够理解他的意思时，他会用另外一种方式陈述自己的观点。此时，可以通过生词后的定语(定语从句或分词短语等)、表语、同位语、逗号、括号、破折号等的解释说明来推测其意思，常见的用来表示同位或解释关系的词或短语有：is， means，or(即，或者说)； that is(也就是说)； that is to say(也就是说)；in other words(换句话说)； t