Unit 2 Section 4 Grammar 关系代词引导定语从句 微讲小本-【赢在微点】轻松课堂2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Section 4　Grammar—关系代词引导定语从句 语法图解 观察句子 1.This is a book that/which interests a large number of people. 2.He is a man that/who/whom we can safely trust. 3.The expert who/that visited our class yesterday is from Canada. 4.The car which/that they bought last week was very expensive. 5.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 6.The woman wrote a thank⁃you note to the soldier by whom she was rescued. 我的领悟 1.关系代词who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,如句2和句3。 2.关系代词whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,在口语和非正式文体中可用who或that替换,如句2。 3.关系代词which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,如句1和句4。 4.关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,如句1、句2、句3和句4。 5.关系代词whose既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作定语,如句5。 一、关系代词who, whom, whose引导的定语从句 1.who指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语或宾语。先行词为指人的词(包括人名)、拟人化的动物和指人的人称代词或不定代词all, those, few, one等。 ①He who laughs last laughs best. 笑到最后的人是笑得最好的人。 ②Danny was the man (who) we rescued from the ruins. 丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。 2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,若在从句中作介词的宾语,介词可用于whom之前,也可以位于句末。 ①Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about. 罗丝是你应该关心的人。 ②There are many people with whom you can share your feelings. 你可以与许多人分享自己的感受。 3.whose既可以指人,也可以指物,表示“所属”关系, whose在定语从句中作定语,常与它所修饰的名词一起出现在从句的句首。 ①I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake. 我认识那个在地震中被摧毁了房子的人。 ②He lives in a house whose garden is attractive. 他住在一个有着美丽花园的房子里。 【微练1】　用关系代词填空 ①Those who want to join in the activity sign up, please. ②A doctor with whom my father worked last year has gone abroad. ③Any student whose family is too poor to let him go to school can get help from the government. 二、which和that引导的定语从句 1.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,或在从句中作介词的宾语。先行词为表事物或动物的名词或表示职业的名词。 ①The young man was very happy to recover the gold ring (which) he had lost. 那个年轻人找到了丢失的金戒指,非常高兴。 ②Is this the ship which is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow? 这是明天开往上海的船吗? ③This is the road by which we came. 这就是我们来的路。 2.that既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。先行词是表人(不包括人名)、事物或动物的名词。习惯上指人多用who/whom,指物多用which。 ①He is the only student that understands English well. (that指人,作主语) 他是唯一一位会英语的学生。 ②There is one thing that keep