Unit 1 Section 4 Grammar 动词不定式及动词⁃ing 动词⁃ed形式的形容词的用法 微讲小本-【赢在微点】轻松课堂2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Section 4　Grammar—动词不定式及动词⁃ing/动词⁃ed形式的形容词的用法 语法图解 观察句子 ①To succeed, we must make good preparations. ②He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. ③I am only too glad to see everything settled. ④We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn􀆳t turned up yet. ⑤I have a lot of readings to complete before the end of this term. ⑥We hurriedly ended the meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. ⑦The story he told was amazing. ⑧We saw abandoned farms which were built hundreds of years ago. 我的领悟 1.不定式在句①、②、③、④、⑤、⑥中分别作目的状语,结果状语,原因状语,宾语,定语,宾补。 2.句⑦中amazing作表语;句⑧中 abandoned作定语。 一、动词不定式的结构 主动形式 被动形式 否定形式 一般式 to do to be done not to do/not to be done 进行式 to be doing — not to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done not to have done/not to have been done 完成进 行式 to have been doing — not to have been doing 二、动词不定式的句法功能 1.动词不定式作主语 不定式作主语时的主谓一致原则。 ①To find new ways to save water is an urgent task. 找到节约用水的新方法是一项紧迫的任务。 ②To love and to be loved is sweet to us. 爱人和被人爱是甜蜜的。 ③To improve people􀆳s lives and to speed up socialist construction are two important tasks today. 改善人民生活和加快社会主义建设是当今的两项重要任务。 提醒　为了避免句子头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语,动词不定式作句子真正的主语,常用于以下结构: (1)It+is/was+ adj. +for sb. to do sth. (用for sb.时,形容词修饰to do sth.。常用于修饰事或物的形容词有: easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable等) It􀆳s difficult for him to give up smoking. =To give up smoking is difficult for him. 戒烟对于他来说太难了。 (2)It+is/was+adj.+of sb. to do sth. (用of sb.时,形容词修饰sb.。常用于修饰人的品质的形容词有: nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate, silly等) It􀆳s very kind of you to help me. =You are very kind to help me. 你能帮助我真是太好了。 (3)It + is/was+名词 +to do sth. It􀆳s our duty to take good care of the old. =To take good care of the old is our duty. 照顾好老人是我们的责任。 2.动词不定式作表语 动词不定式作表语时,放在系动词后面,表示将来的动作或解释说明主语的内容;主语常是wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, aim, hope, plan, dream 等表示意向、打算、计划的词。 Your task today is to wash the curtains. 你今天的任务是洗窗帘。 提醒　动词不定式和动名词作表语的区别: