Unit1 SectionⅢ-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第一册北师大版（教师用书）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar 过去完成时 一、概述 过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense)表示在过去的事件之前发生的事件或存在的状态。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，侧重事情的结果。 二、过去完成时的构成 1．过去分词的基本用法 (1)肯定句：主语＋had＋动词­ed形式．.. He had already been to New York earlier in the week.本周早些时候他去过纽约。 Jane had just left when you rang. 你打电话时简刚走。 (2)否定句：主语＋had＋not＋动词­ed形式．.. At that time we hadn't met her. 那时我们还没有见到她。 The country had not yet recovered from the effects of the war. 这个国家尚未从战争的影响下恢复。 (3)疑问句：Had＋主语＋动词­ed形式．..? 疑问代词/疑问副词＋had＋主语＋动词­ed形式．..? Had you visited the museum before you moved to the city? 你搬到这座城市前曾参观过这个博物馆吗？ How many pictures from the spaceship had you got by nine o'clock last night？直到昨晚九点，你收到了多少张来自宇宙飞船的照片？ [即学活用1] 单句语法填空 ①He said he had worked (work)in that factory since 1949. ②I didn't know a thing about the verbs，for I had not studied (not，study)my lesson. ③I returned the book that I had borrowed (borrow). ④Helen said that she had moved (move)to another flat. ⑤We realized we had lost (lose)our way. 2．过去完成时的其他用法 (1)用于虚拟语气 在虚拟语气中，如果表示对过去情况的虚拟，则使用过去完成时。 If I had followed the doctor's advice，I wouldn't feel so bad now. 如果我当时听了医生的建议，现在就不会那么难受了。 If only you had worked with greater care! 你要是更仔细一些该多好！ I wish I had never met you before. 我希望以前从未见过你。 (2)表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算和意图 过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图，只适用于下列动词：expect(期待)，hope(希望)，intend(打算)，mean(打算)，suppose(料想)，think(认为)，want(想要)等。 We had hoped that you would be able to visit us. 我们原本希望你会来拜访我们。 I had meant to take a good holiday this year，but I was not able to leave. 我本打算今年好好去度假，只是脱不开身。 (3)与过去完成时连用的时间状语 与过去完成时连用的时间状语可以是already(已经)，yet(仍然)，still(还)，just(刚刚)，ever(曾经)，never(从来没有)等，也可以是by(不迟于)，before(在……之前)，until(直到)，as soon as(一……就)等引导的词组或从句。 When I came back at midnight，she still hadn't finished her homework yet. 我半夜回来时，她还没有做完作业。 I had just stopped my car when I noticed a cat lying on the ground. 我刚把车停下，就注意到地上躺着一只猫。 By Tuesday he hadn't done it. 到星期二他还没有做。 (4)用过去完成时的特定句型 过去完成时还可用在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...，It was the first(second，etc)time(that)...等固定句型中。 Hardly had he begun to