内容正文:
2024年高考英语一轮复习夯实基础(北师大版2019)
特殊句式
特殊句式一般包括祈使句、感叹句、强调句和倒装句,它们在语序、成分、意义上与简单句的五种基本句式有较大的差异。具体特殊句式结构及其用法如下:
考点一
祈使句
祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称(通常省略),有时也可用everybody、someone、anybody等不定代词。
*Work hard, and you will make progress in English.
努力学习,你就会在英语上取得进步。
*Never answer the phone while driving.
决不在开车时接电话。
*Let Tom go there himself.
让汤姆自己去那里。
考点二
感叹句
1.what引导的感叹句
·What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
·What+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!
*What lovely children they are!
他们是多么可爱的孩子啊!
2.how引导的感叹句
·How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
·How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语!
·How+主语+谓语!
*How interesting a story it is!
=What an interesting story it is!
这是多么有趣的一个故事啊!
*How time flies!
时间过得真快呀!
考点三
强调句
1.强调句型的基本结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他.。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、状语等进行强调。
2.“It is/was...who/that...”结构不能强调谓语动词。可用助动词do、does或did来强调谓语动词,用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中,do还可以用于祈使句中。
*I do hope to receive your early reply.
我真的希望早日收到你的回复。
*Do remember to lock the door when you leave the office.
在你离开办公室的时候,一定要记得锁门。
3.当被强调的部分是人,可用who或that,其他情况下一律用that。
*It was Tom who/that I came across in the library yesterday.
昨天我在图书馆里遇见的是汤姆。
*It was in the library that I came across Tom yesterday.
我昨天是在图书馆里遇见的汤姆。
4.强调句型的一般疑问句结构:Is/Was+it+被强调部分+that/who+其他?
*Was it in the library that you came across Tom yesterday?
昨天你是在图书馆里遇见的汤姆吗?
5.强调句型的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that+其他?
*Where was it that you came across Tom yesterday?
你昨天是在哪里遇见的汤姆?
6.not...until...的强调句型结构:It is/was not until...+that+其他.
*It was not until yesterday that I was told that he was ill in hospital.
直到昨天我才被告知他生病住院了。
考点四
倒装句
(一)部分倒装
1.将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有never、seldom、rarely、little、few、at no time、by no means、no longer、hardly/scarcely...when...、no sooner...than...、not only...but also...、not until、nowhere、neither...nor...等。
*Not until I lost my job did I realize I should improve my working skills.
直到我失业了,我才意识到我应该提高我的工作技能。
2.“only+状语”置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。
*Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候,她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。
3.so/suc