内容正文:
2024年高考英语一轮复习夯实基础(北师大版2019)
名词性从句
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子,它的功能相当于名词词组,在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句的引导词及其用法如下:
考点一
主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中作主语的从句,通常置于主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身置于句子末尾。
1.that引导主语从句时,在从句中不作任何成分,也没有实际意义,但一般不可省略。
*That the earth goes around the sun is known to us all.
众所周知,地球围着太阳转。
2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语,that不可省略。常见的句型主要有以下几种:
(1)It+be+形容词(necessary、right、likely、unlikely、wrong、important、certain、clear、obvious、strange、normal等)+that从句
*It isn't likely that I should accept such an offer as that.
我不可能接受像那样的帮助。
(2)It+be+名词(短语)(a pity、a shame、good news、a fact、an honour、a wonder、no wonder等)+that从句
*It's no wonder that he didn't want to go.
难怪他不想去。
(3)It+be+动词ed形式(said、told、heard、reported、decided、suggested、advised、ordered、remembered、thought、considered、wellknown、announced等)+that从句
*It is decided that the meeting has been put off until next Monday.
已经定下来会议被推迟到下周一了。
(4)It+特殊动词或短语(seem、appear、happen、matter、turn out、occur to、make no difference等)+that从句
*It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone.
她突然想到乔害怕独自一个人待着。
3.whether/if引导的主语从句
引导主语从句,表示“是否”,只能用whether;若用it作形式主语,则whether与if可互换。
*It's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening.
他今天晚上是否会来还不确定。
4.wh类连接词引导的主语从句
wh类连接词包括连接代词(who、whom、what、whose、whoever、whomever、whatever、whosever等)和连接副词(when、why、where、how、whenever、wherever、however等)。
*(2022·浙江卷1月满分作文)What delighted me most was that I happened to meet you, my new friend.
最令我高兴的是我碰巧遇见了你,我的新朋友。
考点二
宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语(作介词的宾语时必须由wh疑问词引导)。
1.that引导的宾语从句
(1)动词后有多个that引导宾语从句时,只有第一个that可以省略,从第二个开始that不可以省略。
*He told me (that) he had to leave and that he would be back soon.
他告诉我他不得不离开并且很快就会回来。
(2)it作形式宾语的宾语从句。
①可以用it作形式宾语的动词有find、think、consider、believe、guess、suppose、make等。
*He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
②hate、like、dislike、appreciate、enjoy等表示“喜欢”“厌恶”的动词以及一些动词短语see to、depend on、rely on等后面常用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。
*I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent