2023年中考英语语法复习 被动语态

复习专题 — 被动语态 1、 概念： 主语是动作的承受者，动作的执行者由by引出，by意为“被，由” 2、 构成：be + done (过去分词) 语态 结构 例句 一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are + done Many trees are planted every years. 一般过去时的被动语态 was/were + done Mr. Smith was invited to have a speech last week. 一般将来时的被动语态 will/be going to be + done It’s said that a new bridge will be built next year. 含情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 + be + done The environment in our city should be improved. 3、 被动语态的用法 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者，或不需要说明动作的执行者是谁时，用被动语态。如： A new road will be built in Haikou city next month. 2. 强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。如： She is made to work for 20 hours by her boss every day. 3. 被动语态与不定式的特殊用法。 （1） 在主动句式中。感官动词和使役动词后的不定式作宾语补足语，要省去“to” 句式： sb. makes sb. do sth. Mother always makes me feel happy. （2） 在被动语态中，感官动词和使役动词后的不定式作宾语补足语，“to”不能省。 句式： sb. + be made(过去分词) + to do sth. Tom was seen to go into the room just now. （※ 口诀： 感使动词真叫怪， to来to去记心怀， 主动语态to离去， 被动语态to回来） · 感官动词：see/ hear/ feel / watch / notice 使役动词：make / let / have (使，让) 4、 主动语态表被动意义的情况 1. 某些系动词（如：smell, look, taste, feel, sound等）描述某物特征时： 如： The cake tastes very delicious. 2. 动词open, read, sell. write等词作不及物动词，且它们的主语为物时： 如： The supermarket near my home open at 9 o’clock every day. 【课后训练】 1. The play Teahouse ________ by the famous Chinese writer Lao She. A. wrote B. was writing C. was written 2. Many successful businessmen ________ to Hainan to give advice on how to build Hainan Free Trade Port. A. invite B. are invited C. are inviting 3. --- China plans to send another spaceship into space. --- Wow! More and more secrets _________ soon. A. are going to discover B. will be discovered C. have discovered 4. Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. They ________ last spring. A. planted B. were planted C. were planting 5. --- Mr. Wang, I didn’t see you this morning. Where did you go? --- Oh, I _______ to give a speech. A. invited