Unit 2 Grammar and usage 不定式导学案-2022-2023学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册

不定式 (1) 谓语动词：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。能做谓语的有：动词或动词词组（如1和2）；情态动词/助动词+动词（如345）；系动词+表语（如67） He works. He takes care of the baby. He must go to Shanghai. He didn’t go to Shanghai. He has gone to Shanghai. You are students. You look smart. (2)非谓语动词： 慨念：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 使用条件: 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）, 又没有连词（and,but,so,or等）的情况下,其它动词需用非谓语动词形式 She got off the bus, left her handbag on her seat. × 纠正： He is apologize to Mary for having kept her waiting for so long.× 纠正： 判断句子的正误并改正 I am get along well with my classmate. Tom goes to the train station in a hurry, only finds the train has left. Tom goes to the train station in a hurry but finds the train has left. While these sons were argue, the father tried to make them love each other. 3）非谓语动词组成：不定式（表将来），动名词，现在分词（表主动进行）、过去分词（表被动完成）。 4）不定式的各种形式 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing / 完成式 to have done to have been done to do / to be done: 不定式动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生 He seems to dislike this. (同时) I hope to be forgiven. (forgive 在hope 之后) to be doing: 表示不定式的动作在谓语动词发生时正在进行。 He pretended to be sleeping when I went in. (sleep在pretended发生的时候，正在进行) to have done /to have been done: 不定式动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前 I am sorry to have said so cruel words and I apologize This novel is reported to have been translated into Chinese. 习题： ①Don't wait for him.He is said to __________ (go) to Shanghai. ②You are supposed to__________ (sleep) now.Why are you still in the office? ③The result seems ____________ (come) out in a moment.Please be patient. 5）不定式做主语 不定式做主语 谓语动词用单数 To hear your voice is so nice. It +be + adj. +for/of sb. to do sth. for: adj.多为描述不定式行为的特征 （important/ necessary / interesting 等.） It is easy _______ her to learn English well. of: adj. 多为 描述sb 的品质特征 （kind / nice / wise / foolish 等.） It is clever ________ you to solve the problem. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 It takes me three hours to finish the homework every day. It is + n. +(for sb) to do sth. It is my pleasure to help yo