2023届高三英语阅读拓展训练4：算盘

高中英语阅读拓展训练4：算盘 阅读训练：阅读短文，从题中所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Abacus The abacus was invented on the basis that Chinese used the counting-rod (算筹) for a long period. In ancient times, people used small sticks to count. Later, with the development of productivity, the amount requiring calculation was greater, and calculation with counting-rods limited the calculation. Thus, people invented a more advanced counter — the abacus. The abacus is rectangular with wooden frame on the four sides and small rods fixed inside strung with wooden beads (珠子); a girder (横梁) across the middle separates the abacus into two parts: each rod has two beads on its upper part, each representing five, and five beads on the lowerpart, each representing one. With the application of the abacus, people summarized many abacus rhymes, increasing the calculating speed. By the time of the Ming Dynasty (1368 AD — 1644 AD), people could use the abacus in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, which were widely used in calculating weight, amount, space and volume. Since it is simple to make an abacus and cheap to buy one, and it is easy to remember abacus rhymes, simple and convenient to calculate with an abacus, it is widely used in China. There are many experts in the use of the abacus in all trades and professions, and some people can use an abacus with two hands at the same time. Later the abacus gradually spread into Japan, Korea, America, and countries and regions in Southeast Asia. People find that using an abacus can improve thinking and practical abilities in addition to providing convenient calculation. Since it requires cooperation of the mind, eyes and hand, it is a good way to improve the comprehensive reaction ability. 1. What was the abacus invented based on? A. The calculator. B. The counting-rod. C. The sticks. D. The counter. 2. Why did people summarize abacus rhymes? A. Because they helped interest students in the abacus. B. Because they helped increase the calculating speed. C.