Unit 3 Getting Along with Others Grammar and usage 课件-2022-2023学年高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

Unit3 Getting along with others Grammar: 定语从句(关系代词引导) 定语的含义: the green tree the interesting book a frightened boy a woman doctor a washing machine attributive 修饰、限定和说明名词或代词的品质与特征的成分是定语。 The definition of restrictive relative clauses(定语从句的定义) friendly The girl is my friend. The girl is my friend. The girl who is friendly is my friend. 跟在一个名词或代词后进行修饰限定的句子,就叫做定语从句。 充当主句定语的句子 定语 定语从句的含义: 在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词,紧跟先行词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。引导定语从句的词被称为关系词,关系词包括关系代词和关系副词两类。 本节课主要学习关系代词的用法。 The structure of restrictive relative clauses The girl who is friendly is my friend. 主句 antecedent先行词 relative pronoun 关系代词 从句 先行词+关系代词+从句 eg: She wants to find the kid who she met yesterday. 她想找到昨天她遇见的那个孩子。 主句 定语从句 先行词 关系代词 常见的关系代词:who whom whose that which eg: The boy who broke the window is called Tom. 打碎窗户的小男孩叫汤姆。 she wants to find the kid (who) she met yesterday. 她想找到昨天她遇见的那个孩子。 Mr Smith is no longer the man (who) he used to be. 史密斯先生再也不是从前那样了。 结论:who指人,在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语;作宾语或表语时可以省略。 e.g.: The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. 你刚才说话的那个人是李先生。 I got a call from a friend (whom)/who/that I hadn't contacted(联系)for a long time. 我接了一个很长时间没联系的朋友的电话。 结论:whom 指人,在定语从句中作介词宾语;当作其它宾语时,可省略,也可用who或that代替。 e.g.: They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那个人的车坏了,他们都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮书。 结论:whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。 eg: The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 The chair (that/which) you broke yesterday is now being repaired. 你昨天弄坏的那把椅子现在正在修。 He doesn't seem to be the man (that) he was ten years ago. 他看起来已经不是十年前的样子了。 结论:that 在定语从句中既可指人,也可指物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语和表语时一般可省略。指人时一般可用who替代,指物时一般可用which替代。 e.g.: China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。 The package (which) you are carrying is about to fall. 你拿的包快掉了。 The modern car is no longer the car (which) it was in the 1930’s. 现代汽车再也不像30年代那样了。 结论:which 一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语;作宾语和表语时一般可省略。 关系代词的指代与在从句中充当的成分 关系代词的基本用法 关系代词