2023届高考英语复习 名词性从句学案

名词性从句 (Noun clause) 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词，在句子中充当主语，表语，宾语和同位语。 因此名词性从句可分为主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。 注意：任何一种名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，而非一般疑问句语序。 名词性从句的引导词归纳起来可以分为三类： 种类 功能 举例 从属连词 只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。 that, whether, if, as if, as though 连接代词 既起连接作用，本身又做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语 who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever 连接副词 既起连接作用，本身又做从句的状语 when, where, how, why 一 主语从句（ subject clause） 用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 引导主语从句的从属连词 （that, whether），连接代词（what, which, who, whose）， 连接副词（when, where, why, how）， 复合代词（whatever, whoever, whichever）。 1 ________ he will succeed is certain. 2 ________ he said is not true. 3. _________ he will come or not is uncertain. 4 ________ he will go there is not known. 5 _________ broke the window has not been found out. 6 _________ he escaped is still a mystery. 7_________ comes is welcome. 总结： 1、引导主语从句的that在句中无任何意义。也不作任何成分，只是起连接作用，但不可省略。引导主语从句中的what除起连接作用外，还可以在名词性从句中做成分，可做从句中的主语，宾语，或表语。 2、whether，if引导主语从句时只起连接作用，在句中不作成分，但有“是否”这层含义。 3、连接代词和连接副词引导主语从句时，在从句中作成分，主要作主语、宾语、表语、定语等；连接副词在从句中作状语。 有时常用it做形式主语，可用在以下句型中 (1) It +be +形容词.+ that clause 9. It is clear that they badly need help. 10. It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon. 此类型的形容词有：necessary, clear, true, strange, important, wonderful, possible, likely, obvious, surprising等。 注： 若形容词为necessary, important, strange, natural等，主语从句要用虚拟语气。谓语动词形式一般为should+动词原形。 11. It is necessary that you should master the computer. 12. It is important that a student _________( learn) English well. (2) It +be +名词短语 + that clause 13. It is a pity that you missed the film. 常用这种句型中的名词词组有：a fact, a good idea, a pity, an honor, a shame, no wonder, good news等. 其中pity, shame 有时也用虚拟语气。 14. It is a great shame that he should have stolen a pen. (3) It + be +过去分词+that clause 15. It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun. 16 It is said that the president has arrived in Beijing. 常用的过去分词有：said, reported, hoped, believed, expected thought, well-known等。 若过去分词为suggested, requested, recommended, ordered等，从句要虚拟,谓语动