读后续写：无灵主语学案 2023届高考英语作文备考(1)

如何运用“无灵主语” 非人称作主语,即“无灵主语”,表示抽象概念、心理感觉、事物名称或时间地点等,但谓语却常常使用“有灵动词”,表示人或社会团体的动作和行为,往往带有拟人化修辞色彩,语气含蓄,令人回味。 例1: I cannot express how I feel. 转为: Words fail me! 例2: She tried to be brave, but she couldn’t gather up her courage. 转为: She tried to be brave, but her courage failed/disappointed her. 一、“无灵主语”句的分类 无灵主语句式,根据主语的不同,具体可分为: ①时间和地点名词 ②具体或者抽象事物的名词 ③身心和情感状态的名词 ④具有行为或动作意义的名词 ⑤it作形式主语、there作引导词等 (1) 时间和地点名词作无灵主语 谓语通常是see, witness, find, tell等有灵动词,有时可引申为“显示”“表明”“产生”等意义。 请根据中文意思补全英文句子 1. (在)上海发生了许多重大历史事件。 _ witnessed many great historical events. 2. 过去三十年人们生活水平稳步提高。 _ saw the steady improvement in people’s living standard. 3. 过了一会儿他们来到一所村舍门口,主人敲了敲门。 4. _ brought them to a cottage door, at which the owner knocked.血迹斑斑的手套就是匪徒的罪证。 5. The blood-stained _ told of the bandit’s crime.在这体育场里举办过很多精彩的足球赛。 _ has seen many exciting football matches. (2) 具体或者抽象事物的名词作无灵主语 作谓语的有灵动词大致分为两类:得失型动词和情感型使动词。 得失型动词: lost, get, gain, seize, take, come over, grip (gripped), reach, fail, save, win, desert, release, deprive (deprive of), rob sb. of ..., visit, face, escape, elude, slip (slipped), invite, bring sb. to ..., linger, creep, oppress, take (entire) possession of, fill sb. with ..., etc. 情感型使动词: surprise, disappoint, excite, disturb, determine, inspire, puzzle, annoy, trouble, irritate, shock, tear ... into pieces, depress, etc. 请根据中文意思补全英文句子。 1. 我走在厚厚的地毯上,一点脚步声也没有。 _ killed the sound of my footsteps. 2. 我忘了她的名字。 _ escaped/ eluded me/ slipped my mind. 3. 美景使这个地方颇有名气。 _ gained the place quite a reputation. 4. 他面临困难的抉择。 _ now faces him. 5. 她咬指甲的习惯使我生气 _ her nails irritates me. (3) 身心和情感状态的抽象名词作无灵主语 作谓语的有灵动词大致分为两类:得失型动词和情感型使动词。 请根据中文意思补全英文句子。 1. 当他不得不说话时,他突然失去了信心。 2. When he had to speak, _ suddenly deserted/ escaped him.他忽然怒从心头起。 3. Then _ seized/ came over/ oppressed him.我兴奋得什么话也说不出来。 _ deprived me of all power of utterance. 4. 她焦虑不安,全身崩溃了。 _ tore her into pieces. 5. 恐惧慢慢向他袭来。 _ slowly creeps upon her. (4) 具有行为或动作意义的名词作无灵主语 通常是本身具有名词词性(如visit, interview等),或者动词的名词形式(如arrival, survival等),或者具有动