2023年中考英语二轮复习 现在完成时专项&练习

现在完成时Present Perfect Tense 一．定义 1. 现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。和for，since 等连用。 E.g. They have been married for 30 years. 2. 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与already, just, never, ever, before, yet, recently等连用。 E.g. Oh, you're late again. The film has been on for twenty minutes. 2. 标志词 · for和since的区别 for+时间段 since+时间点 since last week, since 2008 +时间段+ago since 3 days ago +一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came for+时间段=since+时间段+ago 1.since和for的区别 since后接过去的某个时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。 since和 for 的用法区别和联系 (1)since的用法 A. since后可加时间点，如例句②④中的 nearly three years ago或2008. B. since引导时间状语从句时，后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时，如例句③。 (2) for的用法：for后加一段时间。如例句① (3)since 和 for 用法的相互转换：for +一段时间= since+ 一段时间+ ago They have worked in the factory since ten months ago. / We have learned English for nearly ten months,. (4) “It is + 段时间+since”的句型。例如我们可以将上面的例句③换成“It is nine years since I began to learn English.” (5)对since和for的提问用how long。如： ---How long have you been in Nanjing? ----For three years./ Since three years ago. Exercise: 用since和for填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. · already · yet · just · ever · never · Recently/in recent years · before · so far, up to now, until/till now到目前为止 · these days可以用于现在完成时和现在进行时 · In/during/over the past few years E. g. 1. He has just got a new job. 2.Great changes have taken place in China in recent years. 3. They have made great progress in/during/over the past few years 4. He has read half of this book these days. 5. He is looking for a job