话题03：发明与创造 2023届高考英语阅读理解最新热点话题预测分类训练（全国通用）

【高考英语三轮冲刺】话题03：发明与创造15篇 2023届高考英语阅读理解最新热点话题分类训练（全国通用） 1.（2023·河北石家庄·统考一模） Many owners of electric cars have wished for a battery pack that could power their vehicle for more than a thousand miles on a single charge. Researchers have developed a lithium-air battery that could make that dream a reality. The new battery design could also one day power airplanes and trucks. The main new component in this lithium-air battery is a solid electrolyte (电解质) instead of the usual liquid variety. Batteries with solid electrolytes are not subject to safety problems with the liquid electrolytes used in lithium-ion and other battery types, which can overheat and catch fire. More importantly, the solid electrolyte can potentially boost the energy four times, which translates into longer driving range. For over a decade, scientists have been working overtime to develop a lithium (锂) battery that makes use of the oxygen in air. The lithium-air battery has the highest energy of any battery technology being considered for the next generation of batteries beyond lithium-ion. The new solid electrolyte is composed of a material made from relatively inexpensive elements, compared with the past designs. Besides, the chemical reaction in lithium-ion only involves one or two electrons stored per oxygen molecule (分子), while that for lithium-air battery involves four electrons. More electrons stored means higher energy. The new design is the first lithium-air battery that has achieved a four-electron reaction at room temperature. It also operates with oxygen supplied by air from the surrounding environment. The capability to run with air avoids the need for oxygen tanks to operate, a problem with earlier designs. “With further development, we expect our new design for the lithium-air battery to reach a record of 1200 watt-hours per kilogram,” said Curtiss, a researcher. “That is nearly four times better than lithium-ion batteries.” 1．What contributes most to the lithium-ion battery? A．Li