内容正文:
第10章 非谓语动词
Part1 中考考点导图
非谓语动词
不定式to do
现在分词doing
过去分词done
作主语
作宾语
作主语被视为单数
作主语
作表语
作宾语
作宾补
作定语
作状语
宾从省略式
常被形主it代替
be+to do “是做”
被形宾it代替
省to不省
要后置,省介否
表目的,原因
疑问词+to do
判定:后有谓动
be doing“正在做”
have sth. done使被
be done“被做”
不定式作主语
常被形式主语it代替,而把to do 置于句尾
It is +adj./n.+(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth. It takes +sb. +st. +to do sth.
后接to do的动词:like, ask, wish, hope, dare, offer, decide, help, long, learn, start, begin, agree, refuse, want, expect, promise, pretend, plan, manage, afford, prepare
被形宾代替:think/find/make+ it+adj. +(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth.
后接sb. to do的动词:force, teach, get, tell, know, help, ask, invite, wish, want, warn, wait for, allow, require, cause, advise, order, encourage, like
常用省略to的不定式作宾补的动词有:have, make, let, feel, see, observe, look at, listen to, notice, watch, hear, discover(被动语态要还原to) 结构有:had better do, would rather do(than do), can’t but do, do nothing but do, have nothing to do but do, why do, why not do
作定语:要后置。若不定式是不及物动词,作定语时其后介词不能省。
(修饰的名词是time,place,way 时其后上常省略介词)
作状语:表目的:go to sp. to do /do sb. can to do /follow sb. to do
表原因:be sorry to do/be happy to do/be pleased to do
后接doing的动词:advise,allow,avoid,miss,mind,enjoy,finish,keep,put off,give up,keep on,practice,imagine,consider,can’t help,can’t stop,suggest,can’t stand
动词中考点
时态语态
动词短语
非谓动词
情态动词
词义辨析
Part2 中考真题精选
2022中考真题
1.(2022·辽宁大连·中考真题)I hope ________ in my hometown after I finish school.
A.work B.works C.working D.to work
【答案】D
【解析】
句意:我希望毕业后能在家乡工作。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语hope to do sth“希望做某事”,故选D。
2.(2022·湖南株洲·中考真题)________ a shared future, we should learn from each other and help each other.
A.Create B.To create C.Creating
【答案】B
【解析】
句意:为了创造一个共享未来,我们应该向彼此学习并帮助彼此。
考查不定式用法。create创造。选项A是动词原形;选项B是动词不定式;选项C是动词的ing形式。空格上需填一个动词不定式作目的状语,表示“为了”。故选B。
3.(2022·湖南益阳·中考真题)—Tom, do you think reading is important?
—Yes, I do. So I decide ________ more time reading from now on.
A.spend B.to spend C.spending
【答案】B
【解析】
句意:——Tom,你觉得阅读重要吗?——是的。所以我决定从现在开始花更多时间来阅读。
考查动词不定式作宾语。spend花费,动词原形;to spend花费,动词