2023届高考完形填空解题10大技法 学案

专攻解题方法与技巧 完形填空解题10大技法 技法一 重首句,易入题 完形填空的题眼往往出现在文章的开头。通过把握首句,可以确定文章的主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等,从而把握文章的发展方向,达到顺利“入题”的目的。本文第一句交代了故事的主人公“我丈夫、我们的孩子和我”和事件“我们精彩的野营经历”,由此可推知下文可能要讲述主人公野营的经历。 技法二 寻复现,找答案 完形填空选项的设置,命题人往往通过原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、同源词复现、反义词复现、上下词复现等方式重现已经出现过的词汇。做题时,在把握语篇、透析语境的前提下,应留心选项中是否有与上下文相对应的词汇,运用词汇复现技巧快速锁定答案。常见的词汇复现方式如下: (1)原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现 一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词形反复出现,有时兼有词形变化。如上文中出现的transport与下文中的transportation可以看成原词复现。 真题体验1 (2020·全国Ⅰ) I hate lying to the kids.One day they’ll 47.wake up and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49.parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50.consequences.I have a very strong 51.fear that the lie we’re telling is doing... 48.A.dream B.Lie C.fantasy D.fact 答案 B 解析 根据本段第一句中的lying以及下一段第二句中的the lie可知,此处应填lie(谎言)。 (2)同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现 真题体验2 (2021·全国乙) Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.I was considering this while working as a 41 just a few weeks ago.And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 42.grades of gratitude(感谢). ... She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.On her day of discharge,we shared in her 50.delight at her recovery.As she was 51.leaving she was eager to say 52.goodbye to each of us in the nursing team. 41.A.cleaner B.Chemist C.nurse D.doctor 答案 C 解析 cleaner清洁工;chemist化学家,药剂师;nurse护士;doctor医生。根据下文“she was eager to say goodbye to each of us in the nursing team”可推断,作者是一名护士(nurse)。nursing与nurse是同根词复现。 49.A.grateful B.Thoughtful C.sorrowful D.fearful 答案 A 解析 grateful感激的;thoughtful周到的,体贴的;sorrowful悲伤的;fearful担心的,害怕的。依据第一段最后一句中的“gratitude(感谢)”和下文中她的行为可推知,她感激医护人员为她做的一切。grateful与gratitude是同根词复现。 (3)同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式或者解释性的词汇复现 真题体验3 (2021·天津3月) He 23.offered to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it.He also asked for unwanted bikes,which he would repair again 24 . 24.A.by accident B.in advance C.for free D.on credit 答案 C 解析 by accident偶然;in advance提前