内容正文:
“三种手法”优化续写表达
修辞手法 (figure of speech) 是根据表达需要,运用有效的语言手段来提高语言的表达效果,使语言表达具有准确性、鲜明性和生动性的语言运用方式。恰当地使用修辞手段,可以使文章更加生动,更具有表现力,蕴意丰富,引人入胜。常用的修辞手法有:夸张 (Exaggeration)、明喻 (Simile)、暗喻 (Metaphor)、拟人 (Personification)、 排比 (Parallelism)、头韵 (Alliteration)、对比 (Contrast)、矛盾 (Oxymoron)、双关 (Pun)、移情 (Empathy) 等。下面介绍三种在续写中有效且好用的修辞手法。
一、比喻(Simile)
一种最常见的修辞方法,喻体、本体、比喻词同时出现的,是将具有某种共同特征的两种基本上不相同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。常见比喻词有like,as,as…as,as if,as though, of,compared to及be similar to等。
试比较:
Jenny was very happy. Jenny很开心。
升级:Jenny couldn't resist her inner joy, flying into the door like a bird. Jenny控制不住内心的喜悦,像小鸟一样飞进了家门。 很明显,用了比喻升级后,Jenny开心的画面跃然纸上,非常生动。
格式:本体 + 比喻词 + 喻体
注意:本体与喻体一般为两个不同事物 (如属同类,应具不同性质或特征),比喻方可成立。如:
① Peter is as tall as his father.
② Peter is as tall as a tower.
上述例句中,例 ① 不算明喻,只是一个比较句,因为Peter及其father同属人类;例 ② 才是比喻句,因为Peter与tower分属人与物。
方法一:like
示例:
1. 还没等警察到来,他像闪电一样地跑了。
He moved like lightening before the police came.
2. 她像是一朵枯萎的花低着头。
She hung her head like a dying flower.
3. 我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋中。
I feel like I am floating in an ocean of sadness.
词块积累:
like a duck to water 如鱼得水 like a drowned cat 落汤鸡
like a cat on hot bricks 热锅上的蚂蚁 like a rat in a hole 如瓮中之鳖
spring up like mushroom 如雨后春笋般出现 spend money like water挥金如土
用法体验:
1. The smile on her face shone like a diamond. (情感描写)
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
2. The scenery along the journey is just like a breath-taking landscape painting. (景物描写)
沿路的风景就像一幅美丽的山水画卷。
3. The icy wind started howling, cutting my face like a sharp knife. (景物描写)
寒风开始咆哮,像锋利的小刀一样刺痛了我的脸。
4. 繁星像珊珊发光的珠宝一样装饰了浩瀚的天空。
Clusters of stars decorated the vast sky like sparkling jewels. (景物描写)
5. 他坐在那里,盯着空白的屏幕,像是一个鬼魂在寻找他的影子。
He sits there staring at the blank screen like a ghost searching for his reflection.(动作描写)
公式:本体 + like + 喻体 + that从句 / 非谓语动词
示例:
星光熠熠生辉,像好奇的孩子一样盯着我们。
The stars sparkled vividly, like a curious child glazing at us.
The stars sparkled vividly, like a curious child, that glazed at us.
再如:
a curious child (looking at us with anticipati