专题一 考点1 阅读四选一 细节理解-【金版教程】2023高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案全书word（新高考经典版）

二轮英语 新高考经典版 1．变化：语篇词数和题量及分值总体保持稳定，但难度均有所增加，加大对阅读中派生词汇的考查。 2．选材：语篇多选自英美国家科技、经济、新闻等网站或期刊，围绕“人与自我”“人与社会”“人与自然”三大主题的比重和难度有增长的趋势。题材涉及故事、科普、人文、社会现象、文化活动等，力求用原汁原味的英语表达来呈现英语国家文化、科技等方面的新元素，同时注重融入中国优秀传统文化，体现中国经济、社会和文化方面的发展。 以考查细节理解题(约占60%)和推理判断题(约占25%)为主，兼顾词义猜测题和主旨大意题。其中细节理解题大多考查对文中相关信息或暗示信息的理解，相对较为简单，其他三种题型相对难度稍大，且预计推理判断题的比重和难度有增长的趋势。 (2022·全国甲卷)Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape－recognition abilities to a human two－year－old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut. In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial－and－error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two－year－old babies. The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。 24．How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment? A．By following instructions. B．By using a tool. C．By turning the box around. D．By removing the lid. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the birds