语法专题十五 定语从句【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通

令学利科购 学科网原创，让学司更客易！ JP.ZXXK.COM 学科网精品频道全力推荐 语法专题十五、定语从句 印考点精讲 1.概念理解 定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，又称形容词性从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词域代词叫先行词。定语从句在先行词后面，但二者并不一定 紧挨着。 关系词（引导词）：连接先行词和从句的词叫引导词，也可叫关系词或连接词。连接词有that, who,which等。 I like movie that/which is funny 先行词 引导词 like 2 who is beautiful. 先行词 引导词 【特别注意】先行词和引导词是等量关系 ①引导词（关系词）在定语从句中充当成分，代替先行词，意思就是先行词的意义。所以， 在定语从句中不能重复其意。 E There are many places that we can visit in China There are many places that we can visit them in China. ②先行词在从句中做主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词单复数形式由先行词决定。 This is the place that is famous for pandas. John reads books which are fun 2.如何把两个简单句合并成一个含定语从句的复合句 令He is the thief.他是那个小偷。 令The thief stole my wallet那个小偷偷了我的钱包。（两个简单句） He is the thief who/that stole my wallet 他是那个偷了我钱包的小偷。（一个复合句） 通过观察，我们可以总结出以下合并规律： (1)把两个简单句合在一起。 He is the thief The thief stole my wallet (2)合并同类项，去掉一个多余的。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学种问原叫,让学习更答为! coM 学科网精品频道全力推探 He is the thief stol my wallet (3)根据先行词来选择引导词来代替这个多余项. He is the hiefwholhatstlemy wallt 3.引导词的选择 (1)关系代词:who(人主格),whom(人-宾容,whss(人-所有格),which(物,that(人物. (2)关系副词:where(地点),when(时间),why(原因). 初中阶段要求掌握关系代词.一般who用于指代人的先行词,which用来指代物的先行词, that既可指人又可指物.关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语,关系副词在从句中作状语. 4.引导词只能用tat的情况: (1)先行词本身是aIl,everythng,mthimgntinganythng等不定代词时, (2)先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或thelast, the first, thesame, theonly,等作定诰 时, (3)先行词既有人又有物时. 1.He is the frstperson—comesto schoolevery day A that B.Who C.Whom D.Which 2,This is themost beatifulpietuweIhaveever seen A which B.That_ C.Whom D whose 3.He is the only person— passed the exam in his class A who B.Which C.Whom D.That 4.They talked about thepeope and things—they canremember A that B.Where C.Who D.Which 5.There isnothing in the worldcanmakehim give up his dream. A what B. that C.which D.who 5,引导词只能用which的情况 (1)关系代词前有介词.Thisisthehs in which we lived hst year (2)先行词本身是that.Theclockistht whichIbought yesterdy 多原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 令学利科购 学科网原创，让学司更客易！ JP.ZXXK.COM 学科网精品频道全力推荐 (3)非限制性定i语从句。His English,which used to be very poor,is now excellent. T