内容正文:
中考英语模块复习by Miss.Gao
动词(三)——被动语态
一. 认识被动语态
角度2:动作发出者 动词 动作的承受者
角度1:主语 谓语 宾语
↑ ↑ ↑
Everybody likes her. (每个人都喜爱她)
She is liked by everybody (她被每个人喜爱)
动作承受者提在动词前 谓语变成被动形式 by+ 动作发出者
↓ ↓ ↓
角度1:宾语 谓语 介词短语
角度2:动作承受者 动词 动作发出者
角度1:主+谓+宾 主动句
宾语提前到谓语动词前 被动句
角度2:动作的发出者+动词 主动句
动作的承受者+动词 被动句
更多的例句:
·观察下列句子中的谓语动词部分,感知被动语态
1. The shirts are made of cotton.
2. This kind of paper is made from bamboo.
3. So many products in the local shops were made in China.
4. Most of the artworks in the museum are made by hand.
5. We are paid by the boss on the last Friday of each month.
6. Children should be allowed to make their own decision.
7. Children under 18 are not allowed to watch this show without their parents.
8. More time was given to students to finish the work better.
·通过观察理解上面的句子,我们可以发现
1. 句子的主语(黄色阴影部分)都是后面谓语动词(红色阴影部分)的承受者。
2. 此时谓语动词部分(黑体字部分)构成为:be动词+动词的过去分词
3. 如果有需要,则用介词by 引出动作的发出者;所以英语被动语态句型为(例句5):
动作的承受者+be + 动作的过去分词(done)+by + 动作的发出者
4. 动词的过去分词变形:规则动词,其后+-ed; 不规则动词,特殊记忆。
二. 考点聚焦
·通过再次观察上面的句子,我们总结出被动语态常见的以下几种情况
1. 各个时态的形式及其被动语态形式
主动
被动
一般现在时
do/does
am/is/are done
一般过去时
did(-ed)
was/were done
一般将来时
will do/be going to do
will be done
现在进行时
am/is/are doing
am/is/are being done
过去进行时
was/were doing
was/were being done
现在完成时
have/has done
have/has been done
过去完成时
had done
had been done
过去将来时
would do
would be done
▲在以上所有的被动语态形式中,我们只需掌握一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时等3种时态的被动语态形式,其余只需了解即可。
2. 包含情态动词:情态动词+be done(例句6)
3. 复合宾语
(1)动词(allow/ask/encourage/tell/hear/see/find)+宾语+复合宾语(to do/doing)(例句7)
主动句:We should allow children to make their own decision.
被动句:Children should be allowed to make